| Endpoints | At the start | At the end | p-value | ||
Severity |
| 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 0.083 |
| |
Number of acne lesions | Number of inflammatory acne lesions | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 0.027 | * | |
Number of non-inflammatory acne lesions | 7.9 ± 1.2 | 4.2 ± 0.6 | <0.01 | ** | ||
Skin findings | Dryness score | 0.30 ± 0.10 | 0.23 ± 0.10 | 0.480 |
| |
Erythema score | 0.27 ± 0.10 | 0.20 ± 0.09 | 0.317 |
| ||
Acne scar [count] | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.000 |
| ||
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation score | 0.77 ± 0.13 | 0.47 ± 0.11 | 0.007 | ** | ||
Analysis of epidermal stratum corneum | IL-1α [pg/μg protein] | 18.65 ± 2.87 | 8.12 ± 1.38 | <0.01 | ** | |
Degree of multilayer exfoliation | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.020 | * | ||
Skin instrumental measurement | Skin surface lipid content [μg/cm2] | 17.48 ± 3.91 | 8.15 ± 1.66 | <0.01 | ** | |
Skin color | L* value | 62.10 ± 0.45 | 63.43±0.56 | < 0.01 | ** | |
| a* value | 11.87 ± 0.40 | 10.32±0.45 | < 0.01 | ** | |
Image analysis
| Pore count | 1270.9 ± 85.2 | 1139.8 ± 93.2 | 0.001 | ** | |
Texture count | 1197.6 ± 115.2 | 1086.1 ± 115.0 | 0.013 | * | ||
Red spot count | 153.6 ± 10.1 | 137.6 ± 11.5 | 0.007 | ** | ||
Pigmented spot count | 88.2 ± 6.0 | 80.6 ± 6.4 | <0.01 | ** |