Measures

Mathematics achievement development

Intercept = −0.626

Slope = 1.578

Predicted by demographics

Gender (2 = girl; 1 = boy)

−0.141a

−0.184

Parental education

0.255

0.231

Family income

0.057

0.000

Home language: Mandarin

0.205

0.271

Home language: Taiwanese Hokkien

0.068

0.117

Home language: Hakka

0.121

−0.179

Home language: Formosan languages

−0.698

−0.644

Home language: English

0.004

−0.330

Home language:other foreign languages

−0.177

−0.432

Urban residence

0.178

0.006

Remote residence

−0.358

0.216

Predicting expectations

Academic ability

0.398

0.296

Job income

0.113

0.104