Embree [33]

2011

Mice

OA

Differential gene expression analysis was performed with RNA extracted from 3-week old WT and bgn−/+; fmod−/−

4833416E15Rik

Aebp1, Ahsp

Angptl7, Arsk

Bace1, Bgn

Cartpt, Col2a1

Col9a1, Col9a3

Fmod, Hapln1

LOC 344564

Matn3, Mrpl30

Pfn1, Ptprv

Rps19, Sfrp1

Slc4a1, Tspan33

The microarray analysis discovered 22 genes differentially expressed in bgn−/+; fmod−/− mouse model that could be involved in disease initiation. 5 genes (Cartpt, Sfrp1, Arsk, Slc4a1, Ptprv) changed in the mouse models and are related to osteoclast f unction/differentiation and bone turnover

NR

Purcell [34]

2009

Mice

Targeted disruption of the Gli2 zinc finger domain (Gli2zfd/zfd)

Crossbreeding

Gli2

TMJ disk was missing, small condyle, cellular organization of growth plate was lost

NR

Gu [35]

2008

Mice

Inactivation of Shox2

Shox2 conventional knock out mice and mice with floxed Shox2 allele were generated. Wnt1-Cre;Shox2F/F obtained by mating

Shox2

Dysplasia of glenoid fossa, congenital TMJ ankylosis

NR

Shibukawa [36]

2006

Mice

Absence of articular disc

Absence of joint cavities

Crossbreeding and induced mutation

Ihh

Mandible development was defective, condyle zonal architecture was abnormal, complete absence of functional disc and joint cavity

NR

Meng [37]

2005

Mice

OA

Surgical lesion on discs, gene expression profile

Angpt12, Aqp3

Baalc, Casr, Cav, Chad, Cldn11, Cls

Clu, Crabp2

Csrp2, Dkk3

Dpt, Egln3

Eln, Gda, Gda, Hig1

Hspca, Htr2a

Igfbp5, Igfbp6

Il11ra1, Lg11

Lg11, Lib

Meox2, Mmp3

Nb11, Nov

Nr1d1, Nt5

Octnl, Plat

Prelp, Prrx2

Pthlh, Scrg1

Serpina1, Sfrp4

Sod3, Spin2c

Spp2, Tgfbi

Thbs4, Tnfrsf11b

Tnmd

Swelling, superficial fibrillation, early osteoarthritic changes

NR

Xu [38]

2003

Mice

Cartilage Degeneration

Heterozygous cho/+ mutant mice

cho

At age 6 months OA-like changes became more severe, including flattening of the condylar head, loss of proteoglycans, and a reduced hypertrophic zone

NR

Gu [39]

2014

Mice

Apoptotic cells

Wnt1-Cre; Bmpr1aF/F embryos obtained by crossing Wnt1-Cre; Bmpr1aF/+ with Bmpr1aF/F line

Bmpr1a

Agenesis Failed formation of functional fibrocartilage layer, Failure of disc separation from hypoplastic condyle

NR