Li [15]

2014

China

Mean Age of Cases NR

N = 3: F = NR, M = NR

Mean Age of Controls NR

N = 3: F = NR, M = NR

Ethnic status: NR

Synovial chondromatosis for cases; Open Reduction for controls

NR

FGF2

FGF2 was involved in the pathogenesis of synovial chondromatosis

(P < 0.01)

NR

Yamaguchi [22]

2015

Japan

Mean Age of Cases

Japanese 25.6

Koreans 28.5

N of Japanese = 105: F = 93, M = 12

N of Koreans = 41: F = 23, M = 18

Mean Age of Controls

Japanese 25.6

Koreans 28.5

N of Japanese = 193

F = 141, M = 53

N of Koreans = 181

F = 70, M = 111)

Ethnic status: East Asian

Osteophytes, erosion, flattening of TMJ bone

Interview, CT, MRI, Panoramic Radiograph

APOL3

APP

CCDC81

EXT2

FRMD4A

FSTL4

LOC100506274

MRC2

N4BP1

OXR1

PCSK5

SLC24A4

THRB

TPSAN9

ULK4

ZNF618

All the genes were found to be significantly associated.

TSPAN9 showed strongest association (P = 8.1 × 10−6)

Small sample size, age and gender differed between Japanese and Korean data sets

Etoz [20]

2006

Turkey

Mean Age of Cases 21.1 ± 12.1

N = 98; F = 75, M = 23

Mean Age of Controls

22.9 ± 10.1

N = 132: F = 104, M = 28

Ethnic Status: Turkish

Difficulty or pain while opening mouth, locking of jaw, pain, noises, unusual bite, frequent headache, MRI findings-NR

Anamnestic Questionnaire clinical investigation, MRI

TNF

TNFα-308GApolymorphism is not associated with TMD

NR

No radiological diagnosis

Mutlu [16]

2005

Turkey

Mean Age of Cases: 22.8 ± 3.6 years; N = 93; F = 73, M = 20

Mean Age of Controls

21.10 ± 3.7

N = 91: F = 61, M = 30

Ethnic Status: NR

Difficulty or pain while opening mouth, locking of jaw, pain, noises, unusual bite, frequent headache, MRI findings-NR

Anamnestic Questionnaire clinical investigation, MRI

MAOA

No evidence to support the involvement of MAOA gene in TMD

NR

No radiological diagnosis