Explanatory variables | Value of yield per hectare | Downside risk measurement | |||||
Variance of output | Skewness of output | ||||||
Coef. | Std. Err. | Coef. | Std. Err. | Coef. | Std. Err. | ||
Informal education dummy | 0.098 | 0.053 | −0.119 | 0.127 | 0.647 | 0.683 | |
Dummy for primary education by household head | −0.090 | 0.056 | 0.092 | 0.134 | 0.833 | 0.719 | |
Dummy for secondary and above education by household head | 0.201** | 0.073 | −0.369* | 0.176 | 0.215 | 0.943 | |
Dummy for households in West Gojjam | 0.174* | 0.079 | 0.424* | 0.183 | −1.098 | 0.984 | |
Dummy for households in south Wello | −0.205*** | 0.059 | 0.707*** | 0.137 | 0.292 | 0.735 | |
Dummy for households in North Wello | 0.177* | 0.077 | −0.102 | 0.179 | −0.344 | 0.960 | |
Log of family labor( age >= 15) | 0.148* | 0.063 | 0.23 | −0.23 | −0.001 | 0.003 | |
Hired labor dummy (1 = hired, 0 = otherwise) | 0.050 | 0.053 | 0.039 | 0.126 | 1.055 | 0.678 | |
Percentage of Irrigation land | −0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.002 | −0.004 | 0.013 | |
Tropical livestock unit | −0.022 | 0.017 | −0.033 | 0.042 | 0.163 | 0.225 | |
Log of parcel in hectare | −0.445*** | 0.042 | 0.570*** | 0.104 | 0.737** | 0.556 | |
Log of agriculture capital | 0.276*** | 0.039 | 0.266** | 0.097 | 0.421 | 0.522 | |
Log of manure used in kg | 0.024* | 0.011 | −0.016 | 0.028 | −0.198 | 0.148 | |
Log of local seed used in kg | −0.097*** | 0.018 | −0.006 | 0.044 | −0.390 | 0.238 | |
Log of inorganic fertilizer in kg | 0.008 | 0.018 | −0.122** | 0.044 | −0.077* | 0.238 | |
Log of improved seed used in kg | 0.116*** | 0.033 | 0.032 | 0.082 | 1.538* | 0.438 | |
Log of chemical inputs used in litter | −0.065* | 0.024 | −0.023 | 0.059 | 0.814* | 0.319 | |
Mean of time variant expletory variables | |||||||
Mean LNFER | 0.043 | 0.023 | 0.061 | 0.056 | −0.160 | 0.300 | |
Mean LNIMSEED | −.160*** | 0.048 | 0.014 | 0.115 | −0.524 | 0.616 | |
Mean LNPEH | −0.028 | 0.035 | −0.112 | 0.084 | −0.532 | 0.452 | |
Mean LNMANURE | 0.040* | 0.016 | 0.003 | 0.038 | 0.098 | 0.206 | |
Mean LNLOSEED | 0.215*** | 0.034 | −0.100 | 0.081 | −0.431 | 0.434 | |
Mean LNLANDSIZE | 0.087 | 0.057 | −0.349* | 0.139 | 0.744 | 0.744 | |
Mean LNAGRCAPITAL | −0.111* | 0.050 | −0.297* | 0.122 | 0.470 | 0.652 | |
Mean TLU | 0.080*** | 0.023 | −0.041 | 0.057 | −0.092 | 0.304 | |
Mean LNFAML | 0.149* | 0.059 | 0.041 | 0.136 | −0.721 | 0.730 | |
Mean IRRLAND | 0.000 | 0.001 | −0.001 | 0.003 | −0.008 | 0.017 | |
_cons | 7.433 | 0.191 | 1.249 | 0.443 | −3.876 | 2.378 | |
Wald chi2(17) | 546.54 |
| 115.73 |
| 670.48 |
| |
Prob > chi2 | 0.0000 |
| 0.0000 |
| 0.0000 |
| |
Number of obs. | 1125 |
| 1125 |
| 1125 |
| |