Personal strengths | UK | UK | Iran | Iran | Cultural Differences | Gender Differences | Gender × Culture | |||||||
Male | Female | Male | Female | |||||||||||
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | F | F |
| F | |||
1. Curiosity: interest in, intrigued by many things | 111.55 | 21.47 | 108.24 | 22.91 | 116.19 | 13.09 | 115.93 | 11.58 | 16.941 | *** | 1.069 |
| 1.619 | |
2. Love of learning: knowing more, reading understanding | 112.30 | 23.94 | 108.29 | 22.38 | 116.03 | 14.99 | 113.03 | 13.79 | 6.769 | ** | 4.504 | * | 0.244 | |
3. Good judgment: critical thinking, rationality, open mindedness | 116.52 | 20.11 | 110.85 | 21.84 | 115.59 | 14.02 | 112.88 | 14.85 | 0.166 | 8.460 | ** | 0.987 | ||
4. Ingenuity: originality, practical intelligence, street smart | 112.54 | 21.52 | 100.14 | 19.71 | 110.84 | 16.34 | 107.26 | 15.03 | 2.827 | 28.084 | *** | 10.183 | ** | |
5. Social intelligence: emotional intelligence, good with feelings | 110.59 | 24.93 | 113.31 | 22.61 | 109.81 | 18.60 | 113.03 | 15.17 | 0.134 | 3.464 |
| 0.035 | ||
6. Wisdom: seeing the big picture, having perspective | 113.10 | 19.70 | 107.84 | 19.05 | 111.85 | 15.80 | 110.70 | 14.26 | 0.134 | 4.398 | * | 2.859 | ||
7. Bravery: courage, valour, fearlessness | 107.93 | 22.53 | 100.04 | 24.94 | 106.55 | 17.47 | 99.96 | 16.39 | 0.318 | 17.989 | *** | 0.255 | ||
8. Persistence: perseverance, diligence, industriousness | 105.39 | 24.85 | 102.77 | 23.01 | 107.02 | 15.79 | 105.70 | 16.59 | 1.625 | 1.182 |
| 0.258 | ||
9. Integrity: honesty, genuineness, truthful | 122.83 | 21.39 | 120.89 | 19.96 | 113.12 | 16.90 | 114.57 | 14.90 | 31.572 | *** | 0.000 |
| 1.666 | |
10. Kindness: generosity, empathic, helpful | 123.93 | 17.58 | 123.49 | 20.13 | 111.32 | 19.10 | 119.12 | 13.97 | 37.189 | *** | 7.360 | ** | 9.061 | ** |
11. Loving: able to love & be loved; deep sustained feelings | 120.02 | 24.82 | 122.29 | 20.10 | 108.50 | 18.59 | 116.69 | 16.79 | 29.09 | *** | 11.040 | ** | 3.612 | |
12. Citizenship: team worker, loyalty, duty to others | 112.42 | 21.02 | 113.95 | 21.96 | 109.20 | 18.08 | 111.94 | 14.44 | 3.322 | 2.290 |
| 0.242 | ||
13. Fairness: moral valuing, equality and equity | 119.89 | 17.93 | 118.95 | 18.35 | 111.30 | 15.54 | 113.00 | 12.64 | 34.594 | *** | 0.288 |
| 1.527 | |
14. Leadership: able to motivate groups, inclusive, focused | 110.28 | 23.36 | 102.44 | 24.11 | 108.93 | 19.01 | 107.52 | 18.08 | 0.875 | 6.492 | * | 4.09 | * | |
15. Self-control: able to regulate emotions, non-impulsive | 104.31 | 23.05 | 99.01 | 22.62 | 104.56 | 18.47 | 104.24 | 16.13 | 2.338 | 2.459 |
| 2.901 | ||
16. Prudence: cautious, far-sighted, deliberative, discreet | 107.66 | 24.65 | 107.30 | 23.04 | 105.73 | 17.55 | 104.03 | 13.63 | 3.516 | 0.173 |
| 0.046 | ||
17. Humility: modesty, unpretentious, humble | 109.39 | 23.66 | 109.59 | 21.93 | 105.96 | 17.50 | 107.51 | 12.78 | 3.822 | 0.518 |
| 0.332 | ||
18. Appreciative of beauty: seeking excellence, awe/wonder | 111.30 | 23.14 | 111.98 | 21.82 | 113.57 | 18.39 | 111.91 | 15.82 | 0.298 | 0.025 |
| 0.364 | ||
19. Gratitude: thankful, grateful | 115.31 | 21.64 | 115.67 | 20.49 | 111.69 | 14.86 | 115.26 | 13.89 | 2.792 | 2.688 |
| 1.852 | ||
20. Optimism: hopefulness, future-mindedness, positive | 109.30 | 26.00 | 107.51 | 24.40 | 107.93 | 20.07 | 111.03 | 18.34 | 0.197 | 0.277 |
| 2.297 | ||
21. Spirituality: faith, philosophy, sense of purpose/calling | 113.79 | 25.08 | 110.06 | 24.19 | 102.02 | 22.56 | 102.49 | 20.93 | 30.418 | *** | 0.339 |
| 1.956 | |
22. Forgiveness: mercy, benevolent, kind | 111.93 | 22.66 | 112.86 | 20.83 | 105.95 | 17.26 | 108.94 | 15.56 | 10.906 | ** | 1.830 |
| 0.546 | |
23. Playfulness: humour, funny, childlike | 116.90 | 24.16 | 115.50 | 25.82 | 115.64 | 16.35 | 117.29 | 15.35 | 0.006 | 0.024 |
| 0.975 | ||
24. Enthusiasm: passion, zest, infectious, engaged | 108.93 | 22.91 | 113.13 | 21.78 | 111.70 | 16.31 | 115.09 | 14.90 | 2.222 | 6.369 | * | 0.048 |