Russian linguistic personality | Kazakh linguistic personality |
1. Motherland: fatherland, Moscow, first-throned, Kiev Rus, white stoned, motherland ・ I wish to live and die in Paris if there is no such earth as in Moscow. ・ For the motherland (a war-call). | 1. Atameken: earth of fathers (ancestors), Holy Land, patrimonial cemeteries ・ It is better to be a slave in the motherland than a sultan on foreign soil. (a man’s home is his castle). ・ Aruakh (spirits of ancestors―a war-call). |
2. Etnonim Russian: Great Russian. | 2. Etnonim Kazakh: free, swan (beauty and grace)―be a Kazakh (strong, courageous―expression-wish at the Georgians). |
3. Government power (form of government). Tsar-father, emperor, the father of ours (wisdom, justice, fatherlike care). | 3. Government power (form of government). Horde, khan, sultan, Biy (intellect, wisdom, oratory, justice, honesty). |
4. Spiritual feature (character). Brave, courageous, strong, frank, hospitable, careless. ・ Bread and salt are the main things for a Russian man. ・ A Russian man is a kind man. ・ A Russian man likes to do everything at random. | 4. Spiritual feature (character). Brave, freedom-loving, generous, frank, faithful, hospitable, conceited, respecting elderly people. ・ If a Kazakh is your friend, then you won’t get lost (Uzbek proverb); ・ Ер жігіттің екі айтқаны-өлгенмен тен (For Dzhigit, it’s better to die than to promise twice); ・ Құтты қонаққа-тәтті тамақ (an honorable feast for the guest of honor); Сыйлап берсе-суын іш (Water is also food if given with heart and soul); ・ aksakal (a respected elder) ・ жарыктык―respectful attitude toward elders; ・ кыз жибек (a young girl)―respectful attitude for women. |
5. Material culture: 1) izba (log hut) (tree); 2) sarafan (sundress) (flax); 3) cuisine (bread, pancakes, pies, porridge)―simplicity. | 5. Material culture: 1) yurta (wool); 2) chapan (velvet); 3) cuisine (meat: kazy, zhaya, zhal; milk products: koumiss, ayran, shubat)―caloric content, simplicity, healing properties. |