Country

Sample size

Research question

Reference

Articles relating to training, coaching, instruction, educational consultation

USA

175

・ What is the differential effect of two models of educational consultation (typical and behavioral) on the academic functioning of sample ADHD students?

(Dupaul et al., 2006)

USA

26

・ What is the classroom outcome for children with ADHD following an intervention called Family Skills Training (behavioral parent training and child focused self-regulation training) for ADHD-Related Symptoms?

(Curtis et al., 2013)

USA

19

・ What is the effect of ADHD coaching on students’ perceptions of the process they used to achieve or maintain academic goals such as grade point average?

・ What benefits do students associate with coaching services?

(Parker et al., 2013)

Israel

27 ADHD

24 controls

・ What is the functioning in daily tasks of children with ADHD compared with those without ADHD?

・ What is the efficacy of occupational therapy intervention?

(Gol & Jarus, 2005)

Israel

20 ADHD

16 controls

・ Can attention deficits of children with ADHD be ameliorated by an individualized training program (exercising the attentional networks)?

(Shalev et al., 2007)

Articles relating to educational environment or tool

Italy

27 ADHD

28 ADHD + LD

29 controls

・ Are three types of knowledge better acquired and retained when provided by a hypermedia tool as opposed to traditional instruction?

・ Do hypermedia tools yield the same better learning outcomes (if any) both in the acquisition and in the retention phase?

・ Do groups differ in knowledge assimilation according to the instructional setting to which they are assigned?

(Fabio & Antonietti, 2012)

USA

19 ADHD

16 controls

・ Are children with ADHD more affected by distractions in the virtual classroom than those without ADHD?

(Adams et al., 2009)

Belgium

31 ADHD

31 controls

・ Are attention-related problems in the classroom exacerbated in children with ADHD by specific class conditions?

・ Does the teacher’s supervision level influence the relation between class-context and on-task behavior?

(Imeraj et al., 2013)

Germany

55 ADHD

55 controls

・ How much on-task behavior and what kind of on-task behaviors do children with ADHD display?

・ How would the lesson context affect the behavior of students with ADHD?

・ Are there differential effects of context on the behavior of students with ADHD compared with matched control students?

(Lauth et al., 2006)

Articles relating to pharmacological treatment

USA

92 ADHD

143 controls

・ What is the relationship between ADHD medications, study habits, and academic achievement of ADHD diagnosed undergraduates?

(Advokat et al., 2011)

USA

24 ADHD

26 controls

・ What is the effect of lisdexamfetamine (three doses) on ADHD symptoms and executive functioning vs. placebo?

(Dupaul et al., 2012)

USA

45 ADHD

・ What is the effect of methylphenidate on academic achievement and behavior vs. placebo?

(Evans et al., 2001)

Spain

34 ADHD

16 controls

・ What is the therapeutic effect of a pharmacological intervention compared to a psycho-pedagogical treatment?

(Miranda et al., 2006)

Articles relating to symptomatology, symptom severity and persistence of symptoms

USA

2844 ADHD

・ What is the importance of acknowledging subtype symptoms in outcomes for children with ADHD as associated with interventions across time?

(Barnard et al., 2010)

USA

326 ADHD

213 controls

・ What is the relationship between attendance and academic Grade Point Average?

・ Does symptom severity predict poorer outcomes within the ADHD group above and beyond the contribution of IQ and parental education?

(Kent et al., 2011)

USA

147 USA

273 China

・ What is the relationship between ADHD symptomatology and academic and social adjustment to college, self-confidence, and study skills?

・ What is the separate influence of inattentive and hyperactive symptoms, while controlling for depression, which may affect the ability to pay attention?

(Norvilitis et al., 2010)