Mycotoxin

IARC Number*

Acronym

Fungal species

Food commodities

US FDA (µg/Kg)

EU (µg/Kg)

Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2

1*

AFB1 AFB2 AFG1 AFG2

Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus parasiticus

Maize, wheat, rice, peanut, sorghum, pistachio, almond, ground nuts, tree nuts, figs, cottonseed, spices

20 for total

2 - 12 for B1 4 - 15 for total

Aflatoxin M1

2B*

AFM1

Metabolite of Aflatoxin B1

Milk, mik products, meat

0.5

0.05 in milk 0.025 in infant formulae and infant milk

Ochratoxin A

2B*

OTA

Aspergillus Ochraceus Aspergillus carbonarius Penicillium verrucosum Penicillium Nordicum

Cereals, dried vine, fruits, wine, grapes, coffee, cocoa, cheese

Not set

2 - 10 for EU

Fumonisins B1, B2, B3

2B*

FB1 FB2 FB3

Fusarium verticillioides Fusarium proliferatum

Maize, maize products, sorghum, asparagus

2000 - 4000

2000 - 4000

Zearalenone

3*

ZEN

Fusarium Graminearum (F.roserum) Fusariu culmorum Fusarium Equiseti Fusarium cerealis Fusarium verticillioides Fusarium incarnatum

Cereals, cereal products, maize, wheat, barley

Not set

20 - 100

Trichothecenes (Type B: deoxynivalenol)

3*

DON

Fusarium Graminearum Fusariu culmorum Fusarium cerealis

Ceareals, cereal products

1000

200 - 500

Patulin

3*

PAT

Penicillium Expansum Bysoclamus nivea Aspergillius clavatus penicilium patulum penicillius crutosum

Apples, apple juice and concentrate pears, peachs, grapes, apricots, olives low acid fruit juice

50

10 - 50 for EU

Trichothecenes (Type A: T-2 toxins)

3*

T-2

fusarium langsethiae Fusarium sporotrichioides

Maize, wheat, barley, oat, rye

15

25 - 1000

Trichothecenes (Type A: HT-2)

3*

HT-2

fusarium langsethiae Fusarium sporotrichioides

Maize, wheat, barley, oat, rye

15

25 - 1000

Enniatins

ENNs

Fusarium tricinctum Fusarium avenaccum

Corn

Not set

Not set

Ergot Alkaloids

Eas

Claviseps purpurea claviseps fusiformis claviseps africana Neotyphodium spp

Rye, rye-containing commodities, wheat, tritical, barley, millet and oat

Not set

Not set

Alternariol

AOH

Alternaria alternata

Grain and grain-based products, vegetables,

Not set

Not set