ADF-Test

Integration order

Significance level

log(gdp_pop_vn)

I (1)

5%

log(gdp_pop_ch)

I (1)

1%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−1))

I (1)

1%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−2))

I (1)

1%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−3))

I(1)

5%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−4))

I (1)

1%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−5))

I (1)

5%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−6))

I (1)

5%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−7))

I (1)

5%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−8))

I (1)

5%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−9))

I (1)

1%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−10))

I (1)

1%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−11))

I (1)

1%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−12))

I (1)

5%

log(gdp_pop_ch(−13))

I (1)

5%