Both radiocarbon-dating corner and main Shroud show evidence for	References
	References corner	References main Shroud
(retrograded) starch	[87] [93] [94] [96]	fact A15 of [69] ; [87] [88] [90] [141]
cotton fibers	[87] [141] [153]	[93] ; appendix of [153]
flaked yellow carbohydrate coating in scorch areas	[87] [99] [141]	[130] ; fig. VII-3 of [141] ; [154] [155]
anomalous yellow-green fluorescence	[4]	[15] [27]
occasional rose madder (aluminum lake) particles stuck to non-image fibers while wet (probably from airborne dust that got stuck to and mordanted the drying dye)	[87] [99]	[156] -[159]
pentoses or furfural (from scorched hemicellulose) in scorch (not in not-scorch)	[141] [160] ; cf. [122]	[141] ; cf. [122]
no Arabic gum, for no proteins or denatured proteins detected; gum in corner can be scorched starch = starch gum	[87] [89] [161]	[88] [162]
same relative concentrations of calcium, strontium and iron, probably from the retting of the flax stems	[45] on main Shroud and 1973 Raes threads results; [150] [151]
pectins	[89]
aluminum in waterstains	[152]
continuous radiographic bands in large corner area, also through the side seam into the side strip	[151] [152] , Figure 7 of [45]
transmitted light photo showing continuous bands (also through side seam) “disproves the hypothesis that the Shroud was rewoven in that area” ( [163] p. 9)	[151] ; Figure 6 of [163]
similar PMS spectra	[122] , described in Section 4.6
similar FT-IR spectra. Radiocarbon FT-IR “shows physical characteristics of both the waterstain and scorch regions of the cloth.” ( [14] p. 98)	[14] [16] ; cf. Section 4.6
radiocarbon sample is in midst of scorch mark and at edge of pre-1532 waterstain	[1] [15] [97] [110] [160]
threads of Raes and radiocarbon corner have loom-indentations due to having been woven on a loom, so not inserted by thread-by-thread ‘French weaving’	[98] [153]
no shown vanillin difference. “No samples from any location on the Shroud gave the vanillin test.” ( [141] p. 43)	[99] [122] [141] [164]
no developed color difference between Shroud and dyed assumed ‘patch’	[1] [160]
not the slightest hint of a mending operation, a patch or some kind of reinforcing darning on whole Shroud, front and reverse	Textile expert and Shroud conservator Flury-Lemberg [123]
apparently the same stitching of the hem (hem rolled across the seam) and the same unusual (first-century Jewish type of) stitching of seam (2 lines of overhand sinusoidal sewing)	[123] [165]
no black straight sewing thread of patch in X-ray, for there is no opaque black material in X-ray	[97]
no vertical seam of stitched-in patch but continuous float and weft threads	[95] [97]
2-ply S-twist sewing thread of side-seam complies with 1-ply Z-twist of weave	[97]
Raes thread #1 no ‘spliced’ thread but thread only partly dyed/dirtied because other part was protected inside hem or seam; its thread ends are chemically similar and with unexpected silicon throughout length of thread	[17] [166] ; cf. Figure 3 of [163]
the greasy dirt on the corner can explain different color in ‘UV-photo’	[100] [123]
all bottom corners of the Quad Mosaic images of the Shroud are green, also where the Shroud has no corner, apparently due to not-uniform illumination	[97] [167]