Soil

Voltage gradient and electrical current

Nutrient concentration

Highlights/main outcome

Reference

Clay loam

1 V/cm

2 g/L NH4NO3

2 g/L KH2PO4

Nitrate transport rate 19 cm/d/v

phosphate results is not presented

[34]

Coarse sand

0.25 V/cm

1 g/L NaNO3

Nitrate transported

0.6 cm/h

[37]

Clayey silt

0.5 V/cm

2 g/L NH4NO3

5 g/L KH2PO4

Nitrate transport rate 5 cm/d/v

Phosphate was not transported

[33]

Kaolinite Lean clay (CL)

0.85 V/cm

3.2 g/L NH4OH

0.48 H2SO4

400 mg/kg NH4OH

200 mg/kg H2SO4

[35]

Fine sand

15 μA/cm2

Nitrate transported 250 mg/L

[38]

Kaolinite

123 μA/cm2

Nitrate transported 250 mg/L

[38]

Fine soil sandy-clay

0.5 V/cm

1 g/L NH4NO3

Nitrate transported

1.5 mg/kg

[39]

Kaolinite

0.4 V/cm

50 mg/L NO3-N

50 mg/L PO4-P

Nitrate transported

Phosphorus was not transported

[40]