Variable

Univariate

Multivariate

Crude OR

95% CI

P value

Adjusted OR

95% CI

P value

Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml)

5.69

1.59 - 20.33

0.008

16.08

2.80 - 92.32

0.002

Glycaemic control

(HbA1c > 9%)

4.00

1.27 - 12.58

0.018

6.08

1.40 - 26.38

0.015

Duration of DM

(>10 years)

5.68

1.84 - 17.49

0.003

8.58

1.95 - 37.71

0.004