Case

Reference

Patient Age (y)

Patient Sex

Clinical characteristics

GI pathology findings

Additional investigations

Treatment

Cause of death

1

11

71

M

- Male renal transplant recipient with coronary artery disease and hypertension.

- Deteriorated condition following COVID-19 diagnosis.

Dominant mononuclear cell infiltrates

within the intima along the lumen of many vessels in the small intestine.

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­NOS

MV

Patient died on HD8 from multisystem organ failure.

2

11

58

F

- Hypertension, diabetes and obesity.

- Respiratory failure, followed by multiorgan failure.

- HD16: mesenteric ischemia, removal of necrotic small intestine.

Endothelitis of the small intestine

submucosal vessels.

NOS

NA

- ST—segment elevation myocardial infarction, right heart failure and circulatory failure, cardiac arrest.

3

14

63

M

- No clear exposure history with COVID-19.

- Presence of comorbidities in cases 3 and 4 with respectively diabetes and both lung bronchiectasis; a history of oral cancer and hyperglycemia.

- COVID-19 diagnosis through throat swab tests and chest CT.

- D5 of illness: cough, runny nose, low-grade fever, fatigue, dyspnea, palpitations, discomfort.

- D10: severe pneumonia.

- Total course of illness from onset to death: 17 - 19 days.

- Partial epithelial degeneration.

- Necrosis and shedding of gastric and intestinal mucosa.

- Expansion and hyperemia of small blood vessels in the lamina propria and submucosa; lymphocytes, monocytes and plasma cells infiltration.

Gastric and intestinal

tissues tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid.

Recombinant human interferon α1b, Kelizhi,

thymopentin, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, human

immunoglobulin.

NOS

4

14

69

M

5

14

79

F

6

15

52

M

Obese patient tested positive for COVID-19.

Ischemic enterocolitis.

NOS

CPR

Sudden cardiac death.

7

15

71

M

Hypertension with nicotine abuses and granulomatous pneumopathy.

Ischemic enterocolitis.

NOS

CA, MV

Respiratory failure pneumonia.

8

15

63

M

Patient with T2DM, obesity and bronchial asthma.

Ischemic colitis.

NOS

CA, MV, lysis of right ventricular thrombus, CPR.

Cardiorespiratory failure, PE.

9

15

87

F

Patient with non-small cell lung cancer, COPD, CHD and CKD.

Pseudomembranous colitis.

NOS

BSC

Respiratory failure, viral pneumonia.