Year

Authors

*CF/*TF

Music Providers/ Agitation Raters

Using tool

Timing

Duration

Frequency

Total-Week

Total Session

1993

Gerdner & Swanson

*PLST

*PI (Nurse)/PI

An audio cassette player

3:30 pm - 4:00 pm (Prior to peak level of agitation)

30 min

5 days

2 wks (*W1: baseline, W2: Music)

-

1994

Goddaer &

Abraham

PLST

PI (Nurse)/A trained independent rater

A tape player

Meal time

-

-

4 wks (W1, 3: no music W2, 4: music)

-

1995

Tabloski et al.

PLST

Researchers/ Researchers

A CD player

When agitation occurs

15 min

1/week

2 wks

2

1996

Ragneskog et al.

-

Staff/authors

A tape recorder

Meal time (Dinner)

30 - 45 min

-

11 wks (W1: baseline W2, 3, 5 - 6, 8 - 9: music; W4, 7, 10 - 11: no music)

40

1997

Denney

PLST

-

A tape player

Meal time: 11:45 am - 1:15 pm

90 min

Daily

4 wks (W1, 3: No music W2, 4: Music)

14

1997

Gerdner

*IMIA

-

Peak agitation time

30 min

2/week

6 wks (classical music), 2 wks (no music), 6 wks (religious music)

1997

Thomas et al.

-

*CNA/CNA

A tape recorder

Bathing time

-

-

-

3

1998

Clark et al.

-

*RAs/RAs

A CD radio cassette recorder

Bathing time

-

-

2 wks: no music 2 wks: music

10

2000

Gerdner

IMIA

RAs/RAs

A portable audio cassette player

Peak agitation time

30 min

2/week

W2 - 4: baseline W5 - 10: Individualized music, W11 - 12: wash-out, W13 - 18: Classical music

2001

Ragneskog et al.

-

Staff/Researchers

A prerecorded cassette recorder

Most agitated time

30 min

Control period: no music, 2 periods: individualized music, 1 period: classical music

4 - 5

2004

Richeson & Neill

*NDB

Therapeutic recreation specialist, nursing staff, & researchers/ researchers

A CD player

Meal time: 5 pm - 6 pm.

60 min

4/week

W1: baseline W2: Music

-

2005

Gerdner

PLST, IMIA

CNA/CNA

A portable CD player

Peak agitation time

30 min

Daily

Month 1: baseline, month 2 - 3: music

-

2005

Hicks- Moore

-

-/researchers

-

Meal time

-

Daily

W1, 3: no music, W2, 4: music

-

2006

Sung et al.

-

Trained nurses/-

-

Mid-afternoon

30 min

2/week

6 wks

-

2006

Sung et al.

-

A nursing researcher & RAs/nursing staff

A CD player

3:00 - 3:30 pm

30 min

2/week

4 wks

8

2008

Hicks- Moore & Robinson

-

RNs or Faculty/RA

A portable CD player

when agitation occurred

10 min

-

1

2009

Park & Specht

PLST

Family caregivers/family caregivers

A portable CD player

Peak agitation time

30 min

2/week

W1 - 2, 5 - 6: music W3 - 4, 7 - 8: no music

8

2010

Cooke et al.

-

Musicians/RAs

Guitar, pre-recorded instrumental music

Morning

40 min

3/week

W1 - 8: music, W9 - 13: wash out, W14 - 21: reading

16

2011

Ho et al.

-

Researchers

A CD player

Meal time

60 min

daily

4 wks

28

2011

Lin et al.

-

Researcher

Group activities

-

30 min

2/week

6 wks

12

2011

Sung

et al.

-

RAs

Percussion instruments

Mid afternoon

30 min

2/week

6 wks

12

2013

Dunn & Riley- Doucet

-

Formal caregivers

A CD player

Any time in a private corner

-

M

W1 - 2: non-religious music W3 - 4: religious music (or the other way)

34

2013

Park

-

PI

A CD player

Peak agitation time

30 min

2/week

2 wks

4