| Variables | Birth tract injury |
|
|
|
| |
|
| Yes, n = (%) | No, n = (%) | OR (95%CI) | p value | aOR (95%CI) | p value |
| Maternal age& | ||||||
| Adolescent (<20 years) | 24 (18.8) | 14 (7.7) | 2.8 (1.4 - 5.7) | 0.005* | 6.0 (1.2 - 32.9) | 0.027 |
| Adult (≥20 years) | 104 (81.2) | 168 (92.3) | Ref |
|
|
|
| Residence | ||||||
| Rural | 47 (36.7) | 64 (35.2) | 0.9 (0.6 - 1.5) | 0.779 |
|
|
| Urban | 81 (63.3) | 118 (64.8) | Ref |
|
|
|
| Level of education | ||||||
| At most primary | 10 (7.8) | 24 (13.2) | Ref |
|
|
|
| Secondary | 79 (61.7) | 98 (53.8) | 1.9 (0.9 - 4.5) | 0.104 |
|
|
| Tertiary | 39 (30.5) | 60 (33.0) | 1.6 (0.7 - 3.7) | 0.300 |
|
|
| Marital status& | ||||||
| Single | 37 (28.9) | 34 (18.7) | 1.78 (1.04 - 3.03) | 0.034* | Ex |
|
| Married | 91 (71.1) | 148 (81.3) | Ref |
|
|
|
| Employment status | ||||||
| Unemployed | 38 (29.7) | 50 (27.5) | Ref |
|
|
|
| Employed | 18 (14.1) | 31 (17.0) | 0.8 (0.4 - 1.6) | 0.462 |
|
|
| Self-employed | 72 (56.2) | 101 (55.5) | 0.9 (0.6 - 1.6) | 0.809 |
|
|
| History of birth tract injury& | ||||||
| Yes | 33 (25.8) | 31 (17.0) | 1.69 (1.01 - 2.95) | 0.042* | 5.8 (2.9 - 11.8) | <0.001 |
| No | 95 (74.2) | 151 (83.0) | Ref |
|
|
|
| Duration of active phase& | ||||||
| ≤6 hours | 53 (42.4) | 106 (60.2) | Ref |
|
|
|
| >6 hours | 72 (57.6) | 70 (39.8) | 2.1 (1.3 - 3.3) | 0.002* | Ex |
|
| Parity& | ||||||
| Primipara | 7 (12.3) | 7 (4.8) | 2.8 (1.0 - 8.4) | 0.045* | 4.4 (1.3 - 14.8) | 0.014 |
| Multipara | 50 (87.7) | 138 (95.2) | Ref |
|
|
|
| Induction of labour& | ||||||
| Yes | 17 (13.3) | 11 (6.0) | 2.4 (1.1 - 5.4) | 0.033* | Ex |
|
| No | 111 (86.7) | 171 (94.0) |
|
|
|
|
| Augmentation of labour & | ||||||
| Yes | 35 (27.6) | 25 (13.9) | 2.4 (1.3 - 4.2) | 0.003* | Ex |
|
| No | 92 (72.4) | 155 (86.1) |
|
|
|
|
| Instrumental delivery | ||||||
| Yes | 11 (8.7) | 0 (0.0) | Undefined |
|
|
|
| No | 116 (91.3) | 181 (100.0) |
|
|
|
|
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 60 (46.9) | 84 (46.2) | 1.0 (0.7 - 1.6) | 0.900 |
|
|
| Female | 68 (53.1) | 98 (53.8) |
|
|
|
|
| Type of delivery | ||||||
| Single gestation | 126 (98.4) | 180 (98.9) | 1.4 (0.2 - 12.0) | 0.723 |
|
|
| Multiple gestations | 2 (1.6) | 2 (1.1) |
|
|
|
|
| Fetal position | ||||||
| Occipital-anterior | 106 (96.4) | 163 (98.8) | 3.1 (0.6 - 22.5) | 0.199 |
|
|
| Occipital-posterior | 4 (3.6) | 2 (1.2) |
|
|
|
|
| Fetal presentation | ||||||
| Cephalic | 125 (97.7) | 179 (98.4) | 0.7 (0.1 - 3.8) | 0.663 |
|
|
| Breech | 2 (2.3) | 3 (1.6) | Ref |
|
|
|
| Birthweight (in g)& | ||||||
| <3500 | 68 (53.1) | 121 (66.5) | Ref |
|
|
|
| 3500 - 3990 | 45 (35.2) | 52 (28.6) | 1.5 (0.9 - 2.5) | 0.089 | Ex |
|
| ≥4000 | 15 (11.7) | 9 (4.9) | 3.0 (1.3 - 7.4) | 0.015* | Ex |
|
| Head circumference& | ||||||
| ≤36 cm | 107 (84.9) | 168 (94.9) | Ref |
|
|
|
| >36 cm | 19 (15.1) | 9 (5.1) | 3.3 (1.5 - 7.9) | 0.005* | Ex |
|