Factors | Postpartum depression | Odds Ratio (CI 95%) | P value | |
Yes (EPDS ≥ 12) | No (EPDS < 12) | |||
% | % | |||
Number of fetuses |
|
|
|
|
・ 1 | 46 (92) | 158 (96.3) | 0.44 (0.11 - 1.61) | 0.18 |
・ 2 and more | 4 (8) | 6 (3.7) | 2.29 (0.12 - 8.46) | 0.18 |
Sex |
|
|
|
|
・ Male | 30 (55.6) | 80 (47.1) | 1.41 (0.75 - 2.60) | 0.17 |
・ Female | 24 (44.4) | 90 (52.9) | 0.71 (0.38 - 1.32) | 0.17 |
Immediate cry at birth |
|
|
|
|
・ Yes | 47 (37) | 148 (87.1) | 1 (0.40 - 2.48) | 0.58 |
・ No | 7 (13) | 22 (12.9) | 1 (0.40 - 2.49) | 0.58 |
Baby reanimated at birth |
|
|
|
|
・ Yes | 8 (14.8) | 17 (10) | 1.56 (0.63 - 3.86) | 0.23 |
・ No | 46 (85.2) | 153 (90) | 0.64 (0.26 - 1.58) | 0.23 |
Health problem at birth |
|
|
|
|
・ Yes | 9 (16.7) | 32 (18.8) | 0.86 (0.38 - 1.94) | 0.44 |
・ No | 45 (83.3) | 138 (81.2) | 1.16 (0.51 - 2.61) | 0.44 |
Difficulties to feed the baby |
|
|
|
|
・ Yes | 9 (16.7) | 8 (4.7) | 4.05 (1.48 - 11.10) | 0.00 |
・ No | 45 (83.3) | 162 (95.3) | 0.25 (0.09 - 0.68) | 0.00 |
Problem with the baby’s sleep |
|
|
|
|
・ Yes | 27 (50) | 53 (31.2) | 2.21 (1.18 - 4.12) | 0.00 |
・ No | 27 (50) | 117 (68.8) | 0.45 (0.24 - 0.84) | 0.00 |
Difficulties in carrying the baby |
|
|
|
|
・ Yes | 8 (14.8) | 19 (11.2) | 1.38 (0.57 - 3.36) | 0.31 |
・ No | 42 (85.2) | 155 (88.8) | 0.72 (0.30 - 1.76) | 0.31 |
The baby cries a lot |
|
|
|
|
・ Yes | 15 (27.8) | 30 (17.6) | 1.79 (0.89 - 3.66) | 0.08 |
・ No | 39 (72.2) | 140 (82.4) | 0.56 (0.27 - 1.14) | 0.08 |
The baby is difficult to calm |
|
|
|
|
・ Yes | 9 (16.7) | 15 (8.8) | 2.07 (0.85 - 5.03) | 0.09 |
・ No | 45 (83.3) | 155 (91.2) | 0.48 (1.20 - 1.18) | 0.09 |
breastfeeding |
|
|
|
|
・ Maternal | 21 (38.9) | 77 (45.3) | 0.77 (0.41 - 1.43) | 0.25 |
・ Artificial | 2 (3.7) | 7 (4.1) | 0.89 (0.20 - 5.08) | 0.63 |
・ Both | 31 (54.4) | 86 (50.6) | 1.32 (0.71 - 2.44) | 0.24 |
Baby blues |
|
|
|
|
・ Yes | 31 (62) | 48 (29.3) | 3.94 (2.03 - 7.65) | 0.00 |
・ No | 49 (38) | 116 (70.7) | 0.25 (0.13 - 0.49) | 0.00 |