Depressive

symptoms

Religious

attendance

Private

prayer

Intrinsic

religiosity

Spiritual

experiences

Religious

coping

Overall

religiosity

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Pro-inflammatory cytokines

CRP

Low (n = 86)

25.8 (8.3)

3.9 (1.6)

3.7 (1.7)

35.1 (8.7)

57.8 (16.1)

29.1 (6.3)

3.0 (1.0)

High (n = 43)

24.2 (8.7)

3.7 (1.6)

3.5 (1.7)

34.5 (7.8)

57.0 (16.2)

29.6 (6.1)

2.9 (1.0)

TNF-α

Low (n = 84)

26.5 (8.4)

4.0 (1.6)#

3.7 (1.6)

35.4 (8.3)

57.7 (16.3)

29.4 (6.4)

3.0 (1.0)

High (n = 42)

22.9 (8.6)*

3.5 (1.6)

3.5 (1.9)

34.1 (7.9)

57.6 (15.6)

29.5 (5.7)

2.8 (1.0)

IL-1β

Low (n = 84)

26.3 (8.8)

3.8 (1.6)

3.7 (1.6)

34.3 (8.5)

57.7 (16.0)

29.7 (6.3)

2.9 (1.0)

High (n = 42)

23.4 (7.9)#

4.0 (1.6)

3.5 (1.8)

36.2 (7.2)

57.6 (16.3)

28.8 (6.0)

3.0 (1.0)

IFN-γ

Low (n = 84)

25.0 (9.1)

3.8 (1.5)

3.5 (1.7)

34.1 (8.2)#

55.7 (15.9)*

28.5 (6.3)**

2.8 (1.0)#

High (n = 42)

25.8 (7.5)

4.0 (1.7)

3.8 (1.6)

36.7 (7.7)

61.6 (15.7)

31.3 (5.4)

3.2 (1.0)

IL-6

Low (n = 83)

26.0 (8.7)

4.0 (1.6)

3.7 (1.6)

34.8 (8.8)

57.1 (16.0)

29.4 (6.2)

3.0 (1.0)

High (n = 43)

24.0 (8.3)

3.6 (1.6)

3.4 (1.9)

35.2 (6.8)

58.7 (16.2)

29.4 (6.2)

2.9 (1.0)

IL-12(p70)

Low (n = 84)

26.1 (8.7)

3.8 (1.6)

3.6 (1.7)

35.1 (8.6)

56.1 (16.8)

28.8 (6.4)

2.9 (1.0)

High (n = 42)

23.7 (8.4)

3.9 (1.7)

3.7 (1.7)

34.8 (7.1)

60.7 (13.9)

30.7 (5.6)

3.0 (0.9)

Anti-inflammatory cytokines

IL-1RA

Low (n = 85)

25.8 (8.8)

3.8 (1.7)

3.4 (1.7)

33.5 (8.5)**

56.3 (16.4)

29.1 (6.5)

2.8 (1.0)#

High (n = 42)

24.1 (7.5)

4.0 (1.4)

3.9 (1.6)

37.5 (7.8)

60.4 (15.3)

29.8 (5.8)

3.2 (0.9)

IL-4

Low (n = 84)

25.7 (8.8)

3.9 (1.6)

3.7 (1.6)

34.4 (8.4)

56.8 (15.7)

29.4 (6.2)

3.0 (1.0)

High (n = 42)

24.3 (8.2)

3.8 (1.6)

3.5 (1.7)

36.2 (7.5)

60.4 (15.9)

29.5 (6.2)

2.9 (0.9)

IL-10

Low (n = 83)

25.6 (8.5)

3.9 (1.5)

3.8 (1.6)

35.1 (8.1)

58.3 (15.6)

29.8 (6.4)

3.0 (0.9)

High (n = 42)

25.0 (8.9)

3.7 (1.8)

3.4 (1.8)

34.8 (8.3)

57.0 (17.0)

28.8 (5.8)

2.9 (1.1)

Cytokine ratios (pro-/anti-inflammatory)

TNF-α/IL-4

Low (n = 83)

25.8 (8.8)

3.9 (1.7)

3.5 (1.7)

35.3 (8.5)

57.9 (16.9)

29.4 (6.5)

2.9 (1.1)

High (n = 42)

24.2 (8.4)

3.8 (1.4)

4.0 (1.6)

34.5 (7.3)

57.9 (13.8)

29.6 (5.5)

3.0 (0.8)

TNF-α/IL-10

Low (n = 83)

25.7 (8.6)

4.1 (1.6)*

3.5 (1.7)

35.2 (8.5)

57.7 (16.4)

29.4 (6.4)

3.0 (1.0)

High (n = 41)

25.0 (8.7)

3.4 (1.5)

4.0 (1.5)

34.6 (7.5)

57.9 (15.6)

29.6 (5.7)

2.9 (0.9)

IL-1β/IL-1RA

Low (n = 81)

25.4 (9.0)

3.7 (1.6)#

3.6 (1.6)

35.5 (8.1)

57.9 (15.4)

29.6 (6.0)

2.9 (1.0)

High (n = 41)

24.8 (7.7)

4.2 (1.6)

3.6 (1.8)

34.0 (8.2)

57.2 (17.6)

29.2 (6.7)

3.0 (1.0)

IL-1β/IL-10

Low (n = 83)

25.3 (9.0)

3.9 (1.6)

3.5 (1.7)

34.9 (8.3)

58.0 (16.1)

29.4 (6.5)

2.9 (1.0)

High (n = 41)

25.6 (7.7)

3.8 (1.7)

3.9 (1.6)

35.2 (8.0)

57.3 (16.2)

29.7 (5.5)

3.0 (1.0)

Cytokine ratios (pro-/anti-inflammatory)

IL-1β/IL-4

Low (n = 83)

25.3 (8.7)

3.9 (1.6)

3.5 (1.7)

35.9 (8.2)

59.0 (16.0)

29.8 (6.3)

3.0 (1.0)

High (n = 42)

25.2 (8.7)

3.9 (1.6)

3.8 (1.5)

33.4 (7.9)

56.0 (15.4)

28.9 (5.8)

2.9 (0.9)