Location | Time (m) | Skeletal extension (cm/y) | Method | Coral mortality | Reference |
Jamaica | 13 | 23.0 | A frame | 31% - 100% | [108] |
Florida, USA | 4 | 4.18 - 18.0 | Lattice | 17% (2 months) | [109] |
Florida, USA | 20 days | 5.4 - 7.6 | Cinder blocks | 87% (2.5 cm size) 13% (3.5 cm size) | [110] |
La Parguera, PR | 3 | - | A frame | 2.5% | [46] |
Guayanilla, PR | 12 | - | Nails, epoxy | 12% | [57] |
Guayanilla, PR | 12 | 52.5 | FUCA* | 2.6% - 12.5% | [56] |
Culebra, PR | 12 (Y1) 12 (Y2) | 15.4 - 37.0 (Y1) 21.3 - 49.7 (Y2) | A frame HLN | 16% - 43% (Y1, hurricane) 0.4% - 20.9% (Y2, storms) | This study |