| kQ,Qo parameter | Value for protons | Values for carbon ions |
| (sw,air) Qo | 1.133 | 1.133 |
| (sw,air) Q | Function of E | Function of E |
| (Wair/e) Qo | 33.97 eV | 33.97 eV |
| (Wair/e) Q | 34.50 eV | 34.23 eV |
| pQo | 1.009 | 1.009 |
| pQ | 1.0 | 1.0 |