Types of Governance Mode

Roles of Involved Doers

Characteristics

Selected Political Tools

Oder and Control Government Mode

Central government is the designer of policies; Central government orders other doers (including public and private doers) to execute policies

Use direct regulations as major political tools

Direct regulations (horizontal mode)

Governance Mode of the General Policies

Central government only designs general policies; Others doers are offered opportunities to explain the policy in detail; More reliance on the self-governance ability of other doers;

Central government establishes legal framework and obligation framework., Others doers should behave according to the framework.

General rules were formulated by central government and detailed rules are formulated by other doers. Vertical tools are used.

Selective Governance Mode

Central government only interfere key matters which may change the thing. Other doers have to use tools which are offered in the selective

Subsidiary, covenants and other economic tools (horizontal tools)

Promotion Governance Mode

Central government promotes the self-governance ability of other doers. Promotion strategy based on practice could help central government to better understand the problems of other doers and offer necessary tools.