Conventional model

Super force field model

Physical explanations

Quantum phase transition

Super phase transition

The phase transition between ordinary force field and the super ordinary force field at absolute zero

Quantum phase transition inducer

(pressure, field, doping)

Super inducer (pressure, field, quasiparticle fluctuation)

Super inducer (pressure, field, or quasiparticle fluctuation) induces the formation of the dense-correlated electron system for the emergence of the super force field

Quantum critical point

Super critical point

The appearance of the super ordinary force field at absolute zero through super inducer

Quantum criticality

Super criticality

The appearance of the extended super ordinary force field above absolute zero through quantum fluctuation under super inducer

The Hubbard model

The super ordinary force field

The super ordinary force field consists of the short-distance super force field (the kinetic term) and the long distance ordinary force (the potential term), and the short-distance force field (kinetic term) is responsible for superconductivity

Virtual quasiparticle

(virtual phonon or virtual magnon) for superconductivity

Virtual super quasiparticle (virtual super phonon or virtual super magnon)

Virtual super particle in the super ordinary force field

Cooper pair

Super bound electron

An electron bound with another electron with virtual super quasiparticle

Charged or spin density wave for superconductivity

Super density wave

The anisotropic band of super bound electrons with virtual super quasiparticles

Superconducting electric current

Super current

One giant quantum state with the super force field