DSM-IV

Definition

HDS scales

Definition

Borderline

Inappropriate anger; unstable and intense relationships.

Excitable

Moody and inconsistent concerns being enthusiastic about persons ideas, and projects and then becoming disappointed in them.

Paranoid

Distrustful and suspicious of others; motives of others are interpreted negatively.

Skeptical

Cynical, distrustful, overly sensitive to criticism, and skeptical of others’ true intensions.

Avoidant

Social inhibition; feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to criticism or rejection.

Cautious

Reluctant to take risks for fear of being rejected or negatively evaluated.

Schizoid

Emotional coldness and detachment from socialrelationships; indifferent to praise and criticism.

Reserved

Aloof, detached and uncommunicative; lacking interest in or awareness of the feelings of others.

Passive-Aggressive

Passive resistance to adequate social and

occupational performance; irritated when asked to do something he/she does not want to.

Leisurely

Independent; ignoring people’s requests and becoming irritated or argumentative if they persist.

Narcissistic

Arrogant and haughty behaviours or attitudes, grandiose sense of self-importance and entitlement.

Bold

Unusually self-confident; feelings of grandiosity and entitlement; over valuation of one’s capabilities.

Antisocial

Disregard for the truth; impulsivity and failure to plan ahead; failure to conform

Mischievous

Enjoying risk taking and testing the limits; needing excitement; manipulative, deceitful, cunning and exploitative.

Histrionic

Excessive emotionality and attention seeking; self dramatising, theatrical and exaggerated emotional expression.

Colourful

Expressive, animated and dramatic; wanting to be noticed and needing to be the centre of attention.

Schizotypal

Odd beliefs or magical thinking; behaviour or speech that is odd, eccentric or peculiar.

Imaginative

Acting and thinking in creative and sometimes odd or unusual ways.