N

Mean

Standard deviation

Standard error mean

Post-test score

t

df

Sig

Mean

difference

Standard error

difference

95% confidence interval of the difference

Traditional group

45

45.2444

10.4667

1.52758

Equal variances assumed

−5.592

88

0.000

−19.64444

3.51280

−26.62540

−12.66349

Flipped group

45

64.8889

21.21987

3.16327

Equal variances not assumed

−5.592

87.273

0. 000

−19.64444

3.51280

−26.66322

−12.62567