Co-created knowledge (knowledge from shared knowledge building and evaluation)

Knowledge source and transfer:

A process of co-creation and participation of work and social communities; common information sharing environment; trust based interactions; confidence; collective responsibility; and facilitate collective R&D progress.

Purpose of data collection:

Usefulness of new knowledge; investigations; inventions and innovations; knowledge-building theory; and activity theory; public debate and broadcasts; interactive media and news.

Unit of analysis:

Shared system; shared information; collaborate activity; design of service or artifact; experiments; shared intervention; method; construct; and measures of direct impacts.

Methodology:

Case studies; observations; interviews; service design studies; and semiotic studies.

Evidence:

Inventions; creations; emergent innovations; knowledge advancements; methodical contribution; management implications; and methodological implications.

Dependency:

Confidence-dependency; trust-dependency; path-dependency; cultural-dependency; and strong ties between participants.

Embedded-implicit knowledge (knowledge from validation and benchmarking)

Knowledge source and transfer:

Knowledge which is embedded in service, artifact, practice or acting; success of other communities in the field or service domain; development of expertise or development paths; in the context of this study, the pre-operational validation and benchmarking addresses to the validation processes and comparing of services or business processes or metrics.

Purpose of data collection:

Material or service related knowledge; emerged for knowledge of practical task, service or artifact; collaborative undertakings and risk management; stable and fixed conditions; and increasing progressivity; and validation of product, service or standard.

Unit of analysis:

System; service; product; activity; project; metric; standard; or acting.

Methodology:

Benchmarking and validation analysis; pre-operational validation; and pre-order validation.

Evidence:

R&D process, quality audit; improved product or service; and contributed standard.

Dependency:

Individuals and applications embedded in social and cultural context.