Authors

Gas/Liquid/ Solid

Conditions

Correlation

Krishna and Sie [1]

Air/Paraffin oil,

Tellus oil/Silica

P_atm

U_G: up to 0.5 m /s

C_V: 0 - 36 vol.%

D_C: 0.1, 0.19, 0.38, 0.63 m

,

,

, ,

for Tellus oil (ρ_L = 862, µ_L = 0.075, σ_L = 0.028) α = 2.25, β= 4.09, γ = 0.069, δ = 0.376

,

ε_df,0 = 0.27 for paraffin oil (ρ_L = 790, µ_L = 0.029, σ_L = 0.028)

Koide et al. [8]

N₂/H₂O, glycerol, glycol, barium chloride, sodium

sulphate/Glass and bronze

P_atm

U_G: 0.03 - 0.15 m /s

C_S: 0 - 200 kg /m³

D_C: 0.1 - 0.3 m

H_C:2.3 - 3 m

A = 0.227 H₂O, Glycerol, Glycol

A = 0.364 Aqueous solution of inorganic electrolytes

Kara et al. [11]

Air/H₂O/Coal, dried mineral ash

P_atm

U_G: 0.03 - 0.3 m /s

U_SL: 0 - 0.1 m /s

C_W: 0 - 40 wt.%

D_C ´ H_C: N/A

A, B, C and D depend on particle sizes

Fan et al. [27]

N₂/Paratherm NF/alumina

P: 1 - 56.2 bar

U_G up to 0.45m /s

C_V: 8.1, 19.1 vol.%

T: 28˚C and 78˚C

D_C: 0.102 m

H_C: 1.37 m

,

Reilly et al. [28]

Air/H₂O, Solvent, TCE/ Glass beads

P_atm

U_G: 0.02 - 0.2 m /s

C_V: up to 10 vol.%

H_C ´ D_C: 5 ´ 0.3 m

Sauer and Hempel

[29]

Air/H₂O/10 diff. Solids (1020 < ρ_P < 2780 kg /m³)

P_atm

U_G: 0.01 - 0.08 m /s

C_V: 0 - 20 vol.%

where C_S0 is solid concentratrion at bottom of column, kg/m³

Schumpe et al.

[30]

N₂, O₂/H₂O, 0.8 M Na₂SO₄/Carbon, Kiselguhr, Aluminum oxide

P_atm

U_G: up to 0.07 m /s

C_S: up to 300 kg /m³

D_C: 0.095 m

H_C: 0.85 m

F = 0.81 (H₂O/salt solution)

F = 0.43 (H₂O, 0.8M Na₂SO₄)

Where k is the fluid consistency index (Pa sn) k = 1.97, n = 0.951 and B = 0.81 or 0.43