| Explanatory variables | Data sources |
| 1) Transportation capacity for each train during peak hours (unit: people/train) | Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism: Statistics information on congestion rates (2017) [33] |
| 2) Number of stations | Kotsu Shinbunsha: My LINE Tokyo Timetable (2018) [32] |
| 3) Transported passengers per hour during peak hours (unit: people/hour) | Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism: Statistics information on congestion rates (2017) [33] |
| 4) Number of stairs and escalators in terminal stations | Station yard map from the website of each railway company |
| 5) Length of train lines (unit: km) | Kotsu Shinbunsha: My LINE Tokyo Timetable (2018) [32] |
| 6) The average number of tracks | Kotsu Shinbunsha: My LINE Tokyo Timetable (2018) [32] |
| 7) Number of operating trains per hour during peak hours (unit: train/time) | Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism: Statistics information on congestion rates (2017) [33] |
| 8) Number of trains according to type | Kotsu Shinbunsha: My LINE Tokyo Timetable (2018) [32] |
| 9) Number of lines with direct operation | Kotsu Shinbunsha: My LINE Tokyo Timetable (2018) [32] |
| 10) Length of direct operation sections (unit: km) | Kotsu Shinbunsha: My LINE Tokyo Timetable (2018) [32] |