| Scientific name | Ploidy | Chromosome | The alternation after polyploidisation | Agronomic traits | Ref. |
| Lonicera japonica Thunb | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 18, 2n = 4x = 36 | Increasing Na+ extrusion in root and supporting Na+ transport to leaf, enhancing photosynthesis | Salt stress | [73] |
| Oryza sativa Nipponbare | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 24, 2n = 4x = 48 | Increasing proline and proton transport; deducing MDA, and Na+ influx into the root | Salt stress | [71] |
| Brassica rapa L. | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 20 2n = 4x = 40 | Up-regulation of antioxidant APX, CAT, POD, SOD, and GR; mitigating ROS | Salt stress | [70] |
| Paulownia tomentosa | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 40, 2n = 4x = 80 | RNA transporter, phytohormone transduction and photosynthesis signal, protein processing, AP2/EREBP, MYB, NAC, and bHLH | Salt stress | [75] [79] |
| Medicago sativa L. | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 16, 2n = 4x = 32 | SNP markers associated to salinity stress, genes functionalized to abiotic stress linked to markers supporting salt tolerance | Salt stress | [76] |
| Malus domestica | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 34, 2n = 4x = 68 | Up-regulation of aquaporin gene (MdPIP1;1 and MdTIP1;1) | Salt stress | [72] |
| Hordeum bulbosum | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 14, 2n = 4x = 28 | miRNAs pitfall salinity stress | Salt stress | [78] |
| Paulownia fortunei | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 40, 2n = 4x = 80 | Rising of soluble sugars, up-regulated ATP synthase to increase ion transport changing proton 8 miRNAs more enhanced and new miRNAs | Salt stress | [74] [77] |
| P. australis; P. fortunei; P. tomentosa; | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 40, 2n = 4x = 80 | miRNAs and target genes associated to transcriptional regulation, hormone metabolism, and plant defense | Drought stress | [81] [82] [83] |
| Dioscorea zingiberensis | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 20, 2n = 4x = 40 | Initiation of the antioxidant defense system and increased heat tolerance | Heat stress | [85] |
| Nicotiana benthamiana | Tetraploid &octaploid | 2n = 4x = 38, 2n = 8x = 76 | Rising antioxidant (SOD, CAT, APX...) | Cold stress | [86] |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 10, 2n = 4x = 20 | Genes related to Cu transported, AtHMA5, AtCOX17, and AtMT2b, activation of antioxidative defense, positive regulation of expression ABA-responsive genes | Copper stress | [89] |
| Citrus sinensis L. Poncirustrifoliata L. | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 22, 2n = 4x = 44 | Alternation of root anatomical characters | Boron stress | [88] |
| Betula platyphylla | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 28, 2n = 4x = 56 | Up-regulated genes associated to proline biosynthesis | NaHCO3 stress | [90] |
| Malus × domesticaBorkh | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 34, 2n = 4x = 68 | Significantly increased Rvi6 resistance gene-locus | Resistance of Venturia | [91] |
| Solanum chacoense | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 24, 2n = 4x = 48 | Scab resistance originated from Solanum chacoense has introgressed into tetraploid | Scab resistance | [92] [114] |
| Papaver somniferum L. | Diploid & autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 22, 2n = 4x = 44 | Up-regulated alkaloid biosynthesis pathway through gene expression | Increase morphine 25% - 50%. | [56] |
| Citrullus lanatus | Diploid, autotriploid and autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 22, 2n = 3x = 33, 2n = 4x = 44 | Enhancing lycopen biosynthesis pathway via up-regulation genes related | Increase lycopene contents | [58] |
| Linum album | Diploid and autotetraploid | 2n = 2x = 18, 2n = 4x = 36 | Increasing the pathway of PTOX biosynthesis by upregulated genes related | Increase podophyllotoxin (PTOX) | [59] |