| Treatments | Parameters | |||
| Germination percentage at 25 DAS (%) | Seedling height at 45 DAS (cm) | Seedling collar circumference at 45 DAS (cm) | Average number of leaves at 45 DAS | |
| Soaking durations (days) with 75% soil + 25% PM | ||||
| 0 | 68.7 ± 0.4 (a) | 4.0 ± 0.8 (a) | 0.5 ± 0.1 (a) | 3.9 ± 0.9 (a) |
| 4 | 49b ± 0.6 (c) | 3.0 ± 0.9 (ab) | 0.3 ± 0.1 (bc) | 3.2 ± 0.9 (ab) |
| 8 | 53.1 ± 0.5 (ab) | 3.5 ± 0.8 (a) | 0.4 ± 0.1 (ab) | 3.4 ± 0.8 (ab) |
| 12 | 37.5 ± 0.3 (c) | 2.1 ± 0.7 (b) | 0.3 ± 0.1 (c) | 2.3 ± 0.2 (b) |
| Substrate compositions at 0 day | ||||
| 100% sand | 64.5 ± 0.2 (a) | 3.1 ± 0.7 (c) | 0.5 ± 0.3 (b) | 4.0 ± 0.6 (a) |
| 75% sand + 25% PM | 58.3 ± 0.4 (ab) | 5.0 ± 0.7 (b) | 0.6 ± 0.3 (ab) | 4.6 ± 0.5 (a) |
| 50% sand + 50% PM | 35.5 ± 0.3 (cd) | 4.9 ± 0.3 (b) | 0.6 ± 0.4 (ab) | 5.4 ± 0.4 (a) |
| 25% sand + 75% PM | 27 ± 2 (d) | 0.2 ± 0.0 (d) | 0 ± 0.0 (d) | 0 ± 0.0 (b) |
| 100% soil | 60.5 ± 0.4 (a) | 1.3 ± 0.4 (d) | 0.3 ± 0.1 (c) | 1.0 ± 0.2 (b) |
| 75% soil + 25% PM | 68.7 ± 0.3 (a) | 4.2 ± 0.8 (bc) | 0.6 ± 0.1 (ab) | 4.6 ± 0.6 (a) |
| 50% soil + 50% PM | 58.5 ± 0.2 (ab) | 6.7 ± 0.7 (a) | 0.7 ± 0.1 (a) | 5.8 ± 0.5 (a) |
| 25% soil + 75% PM | 56.3 ± 0.4 (b) | 0.8 ± 0.1 (d) | 0.2 ± 0.1 (c) | 0.4 ± 0.1 (b) |