Classical Model | Administrative Model | Political Model |
Clear-cut problem and goals | Vague problems and goals. | Pluralistic, conflicting goals |
Condition of certainty | Condition of uncertainty | Uncertainty/ambiguity conditions |
Full information about alternatives and their outcomes, | Limited information about alternatives and their outcomes | Inconsistent viewpoints; ambiguous information. |
Rational choice by individual for maximizing outcomes. | Satisficing choice for resolving problems using intuition | Bargaining and discussion among coalition members. |