Questions

CITC

Cronbach’s α

Standardized coefficient

Challenging

Q1

You are enjoyable to try to solve harder problems;

0.523

0.750

0.705

Q2

You are glad to manage to solve complicated problems;

0.512

0.696

Q3

What are the new problems in your opinion and what kind of new problem do you like to delve?

0.392

0.509

Q4

Do you like to solve difficulties on your own?

0.385

0.510

Q5

Do you clearly know your target about your academic achievement?

0.369

0.577

Q6

Is it important for you to show yourself?

0.427

0.530

Q7

Do you hope to acquire new knowledge and skill through your job?

0.493

0.592

Q8

Will you feel satisfied after you set a goal for yourself?

0.488

0.519

Enthusiasm

Q9

For you, is it important to do things you like?

0.484

0.735

0.493

Q10

Do you like to engage in something interesting that can concentrate your attention and make you forgetful?

0.426

0.514

Q11

For you, the most important is to do your favorite things?

0.573

0.652

Q12

When you’re doing your favorite thing, will you care the result?

0.523

0.675

Q13

When you gain new experience from doing something, will you be satisfied regardless of the result?

0.552

0.601

Q14

Are you always driven by curiosity?

0.352

0.551

Dependence of others’ comments

Q15

You don’t care others’ comments on your academic performance, do you?

0.389

0.643

0.650

Q16

You care a lot about others’ reactions to your opinions, don’t’ you?

0.355

0.557

Q17

Will you be motivated by others’ recognition and praise to you?

0.487

0.546

Q18

It makes no sense if no one understands your good performance, do you think so?

0.354

0.571

Q19

Will your achievement enable you to struggle forward?

0.389

0.538

Q20

Do you think less of scores and awards?

0.339

0.525

Selection of simple tasks

Q21

Do you like tasks or assignments that are easy to finish in a direct way?

0.378

0.700

0.507

Q22

Do you prefer jobs with clear procedures?

0.375

0.537

Q23

Do you prefer the task that you are confident to complete rather than that you have to try your best to finish?

0.43

0.967

Q24

Do you like someone to set a definite target for your work?

0.365

0.995

Focus of interpersonal competition

Q25

Are you eager to know your largest potential in academic performance?

0.297

0.645

0.441

Q26

Do you expect others’ attention on your excellent academic performance?

0.355

0.600

Q27

Do you clearly know your goal to pursuing great achievement?

0.671

0.583

Q28

From your perspective, success means doing better than others, is that true?

0.692

0.520