Hypotheses

Unstandardized parameter effects

Standardized parameter effects

Results

H1a. Forest insecurity has a significant influence on dependence on animals species among poor households neighboring VNP

B = 0.296 (0.116)¹

b = 0.190

Supported

H1b. Forest insecurity has a significant influence on dependence on forest resources among poor households neighboring VNP

B = 0.445 (0.136)¹

b = 0.297

Supported

H2a. Health insecurity has a significant influence on dependence on animals species among poor households neighboring VNP

B = 0.296 (0.116)¹

b = 0.190

Supported

H2b. Health insecurity has a significant influence on dependence on forest resources among poor households neighboring VNP

B = 0.175 (0.045)¹

b = 0.264

Supported

H3a. Education insecurity has a significant influence on dependence on animals species among poor households neighboring VNP

B = 0.083 (0.101)²

b = 0.234

Not supported¹

H3b. Education insecurity has a significant influence on dependence on forest resources among poor households neighboring VNP

B = 0.032 (0.045)²

b = 0.092

Not supported¹

H4a. Economic Insecurity has a significant influence on Dependence on Animals Species among poor households neighboring VNP

B = −0169 (0.142)

b = −0.924

Not supported

H4b. Economic insecurity has a significant influence on dependence on forest resources among poor households neighboring VNP

B = −0.148 (0.127)

b = −0.844

Not supported