Stage | First generation | Second generation | Third generation | Fourth generation |
Years | Before 1950 | 1950-1980 | 1980-1990 | After 1990 |
Main cargo | General bulk cargo | General cargo; Solid bulk; Liquid bulk; | Solid bulk; Liquid bulk; Container bulk | Container bulk |
Service mode | Port to port | Point to point in part of connected transportation | Door to door in multimodal transportation | The whole journey, whole network, whole process, multilevel, network to network in personalized service |
Functional service | Provide the water and land transportation services such as ship dock, passenger transportation, cargo loading and unloading, transshipment and storage | Strengthen the function of industrial and commercial services and urban communities, the port cargo got appreciation and became a transportation center and service center | To strengthen the relationship with the city and the user, increase the information services of transportation and trade, as well as integrated services such as the distribution of goods, to make port become international logistics center and trade logistics base | With the city as the main body, with free trade as the basis, to provide the integration service of production, logistics, information, trade, finance and other services about resources and production factors, to make the port become the logistics supply chain center |
The main features | Single goods flow, low value-added | Goods flow, combined services, and increase the value added | Goods information flow, integrated logistics services such as sub transportation, distribution and distribution, as well we entire transport, high value-added | Integrated logistics services |
Strategy & status | For the post-war economy water and land transportation hub; depending port of center city | Industry oriented water and land transportation hub; traditional logistics shipment center; important central depending port | Business oriented; integrated logistics service center; Regional energy security transshipment hub port; the modern comprehensive transportation hub; container transport trunk base port; the international deep-water port of transshipment | Ocean oriented; international port and waterway alliance; the international center for marine economic development; marine industry comprehensive distribution hub |
The determinants | Labour and capital | Capital and technology | Technology, information and service | Talent and environment |