| Author/year | Length | Angle/degree | Intensity/frequency | Procedure and duration (minutes) |
| Wisham (1953) | Unclear | 60 | 6, 1-5/NA | Passive: Supine, leg elevated (2) → sit, feet lowered (3) → supine (5) Active: Supine, leg elevated and movement feet (30 times a min) → sit, feet lowered and movement feet (30 times a min) → supine (5) Resistance: Supine, resistance to active plantar flexion (30 times a min for 20 min) |
| Bjerre-Jepsen (1984) | 5 days | 60 - 90 | 5-6, 3/1-3/3 cycle a day for 5 days | Supine, leg elevated (1) → sit, feet lowered (1-2) → supine (3) |
| Wu (1996) | 1month | 45 - 60 | 3, 2/1-5/5-7 days per week | Supine, leg elevated (1-3) → sit, feet lowered and movement feet and toe (3) → supine (5) |
| Fan (2005) | Follow-up until feet necrosis | 45 | 5, 3/1-5/7 days per week | Supine, leg elevated (1-2) → sit, feet lowered and movement feet and toe (5) → supine, leg elevated (2) |
| Ou (2006) | 3 days | 45 | Several times/1-3/ for 3 days | Supine, leg elevated (1-2) → sit, feet lowered (2-3) → supine and movement feet and toe (2) |
| Zhu (2006) | 7 days | 45 | Several times/1-3/7 days per week | Supine, leg elevated (1-2) → sit, feet lowered (2-3) → supine and movement feet and toe (2) |
| Guan (2007) | 14 days | 45 | 10, 3/1-3/7 days per week | Sit, feet lowered (2-3) → supine and movement feet and toe (2) → supine, leg elevated (1-2) |
| Jiang (2009) | 28 days | 45 | 5-6, 3-4/1-3/7 days per week | Supine, leg elevated (1-2) → sit, feet lowered (2-3) → Supine and movement feet and toe (2) |
| Zhang (2009) | 28 days | 45 | Several times/1-3/7 days per week | Supine, leg elevated (1-2) → sit, feet lowered (2-3) → Supine and movement feet and toe (2) |