advantages | disadvantages |
Low hydraulic retention time (HRT) and high sludge retention time (SRT) | High bed costs |
low sludge production | Requires high concentration of dissolved oxygen in biofilm reactors for denitrification |
high resistant to toxic materials | |
constant active biological biomass | Congestion problems in the fixed beds |
Low sensitivity to temperature and amount of sludge production |
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nitrification in low temperature |
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Removal of high amount of nutrients |
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Nitrification and denitrification can simultaneously occur on both exterior and interior sides of a biofilm |
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