| Training | Testing | ||||
| Firefly | GA | PSO | Firefly | GA | PSO |
VAF | 96.95% | 92.42% | 97.48% | 98.63% | 97.60% | 98.70% |
MSE | 53.74 | 129.37 | 45.28 | 45.02 | 114.79 | 52.85 |
MAE | 5.36 | 8.20 | 4.43 | 5.57 | 7.83 | 5.29 |
MMRE | 0.38 | 0.40 | 0.30 | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.21 |
RMSE | 7.26 | 11.05 | 6.72 | 6.62 | 9.86 | 7.19 |
R2 | 0.9676 | 0.9219 | 0.9727 | 0.9833 | 0.9575 | 0.9805 |