TD children

Children with IDs

t

d

M (SD)

M (SD)

Mothers’ reactions (n = 27)

SUR_−E

5.16 (0.55)

5.23 (0.78)

0.39

Comforting

5.04 (0.78)

5.62 (0.81)

2.63*

0.73

Problem-focused

5.81 (0.74)

5.54 (0.91)

−1.18

Encouragement of expression of emotion

4.64 (1)

4.55 (1.11)

−0.31

NSUR_−E

2.59 (0.58)

3.88 (1)

5.75***

1.58

Distress

2.30 (0.63)

3.05 (1.32)

2.67*

0.72

Punitive

1.86 (0.62)

3.50 (1.47)

5.33***

1.45

Minimizing responses

3.63 (1.08)

5.12 (0.88)

5.54***

1.51

SUR_+E

4.94 (0.85)

5.09 (1.09)

0.55

Socialization

5.31 (1.50)

5.50 (1.62)

0.43

Encouragement

4.57 (1.49)

4.68 (1.52)

0.27

NSUR_+E

2.90 (1.08)

3.54 (1.50)

1.81

Reprimand

3.64 (1.37)

4.22 (1.82)

1.31

Discomfort

2.16 (1.16)

2.88 (1.45)

2.01*

0.55

Mothers’ conversations (n = 27)

QCPEE

2.49 (0.41)

2.16 (0.59)

−2.31*

0.65

Joy-related terms

5.42 (1.86)

5.73 (3.47)

0.37

Anger-related terms

4.23 (1.11)

2.91 (1.82)

−2.67**

0.87

Sadness-related terms

1.62 (1.27)

1.86 (1.24)

0.64

Fear-related terms

1.28 (1.31)

1 (1.60)

−0.66

Emotion-related verbs

1.79 (1.67)

1.77 (1.69)

−0.04

Fathers’ reactions (n = 16)

SUR_−E

4.49 (0.72)

5.39 (0.95)

3.01**

1.07

Comforting

4.63 (0.84)

5.60 (0.86)

3.21**

1.14

Problem-focused

4.91 (0.86)

5.74 (1.20)

2.22*

0.79

Encouragement of expression of emotion

3.93 (1.06)

4.86 (1.14)

2.37*

0.84

NSUR_−E

2.94 (0.47)

3.83 (1.33)

2.52*

0.89

Distress

2.25 (0.56)

3.39 (1.50)

2.83**

1.01

Punitive

2.39 (0.79)

3.25 (1.58)

1.94

Minimizing responses

4.15 (0.78)

4.84 (1.14)

1.99

SUR_+E

4.78 (0.80)

5.39 (1.06)

1.83

Socialization

5.25 (1.21)

5.68 (1.43)

0.93

Encouragement

4.31 (1.19)

5.09 (1.50)

1.62

NSUR_+E

2.87 (0.99)

3.75 (1.48)

1.96