68 | Kumar et al. (2010) [124] | Filtered aqueous extract of Syzygium cumini leaf (LE) and seed (SE) powder | 1 mM, 24 hr, room temp. 10% (v/v), Static, 20 min, 12k rpm | UV-Vis FTIR SEM AFM | Size―LE: 30nm, Water content of LE: 29 nm, SE: 92 nm, Water content of LE: 73nm. | SE have higher synthesis rates and larger size AgNP compared to LE. |
69 | Dubey et al. (2010) [79] | Filtered aqueous extract of Tanaetum vulgare fruit. | 1 - 3 mM, 10 min - 5hr, 25˚C - 150˚C, 0.5 - 4.8 ml/50 ml, pH: 2 - 10, Static | UV-Vis FTIR TEM XRD EDAX | Size―10 - 40 nm Shape―sph. Structure―FCC | AgNP more stable in basic compared to acidic medium |
70 | Shukla et al. (2010) [37] | Filtered aqueous extract of Piper nigrum (black pepper) | 10 mM, room temp. 1 ml/100 ml, Stirred, 10 min at 3000 rpm | UV-Vis TEM XRD | Size―20 - 50 nm Shape―sph. Structure―FCC Nature―large grain, WD, uniform and polycrystalline |
|
71 | Krishnaraj et al. (2010) [125] | Aqueous filtrate of Acalypha indica leaf | 1 mM, 30 min, 37˚C, dark 12 ml/100 ml, Static, 30 min at 75000 g | UV-Vis SEM TEM EDS XRD | Size―20 - 30 nm Structure―cub | Antimicrobial against water borne pathogens E. coli and Vibrio cholera |
72 | Satish kumar et al. (2009) [38] | Aqueous bark and powder extracts of Cinnamon zeylanicum plant | 1 mM, 25˚C, 1 to 5 ml/50 ml, Powder content: 0.1 to 1 g/50 ml, pH: 1 - 11, Shaken | UV-Vis TEM XRD EDX | Size―powder: 31 nm, Extract: 40 nm Shape―quasi sph and R, Structure― cub and hex Nature―bi-phasic | Stable for 3 months, Served as antimicrobial agents |
73 | Tripathi et al. (2009) [34] | Aqueous filtrate of Azadirachta indica leaves | 10 mM, 24 hr, 28˚C, 1:4. 15 min at 10,000 rpm Shaken | UV-Vis TEM SEM FTIR | Size―50 - 100 nm Shape―irregular Nature―PD | AgNPs loaded on cotton disks shown antibacterial activity. |
74 | Leela and Vivekanandan. (2008) [126] | Aqueous extract of Helianthus annus plant |
| UV-Vis XRD SEM | Structure-cryst |
|
75 | Chandran et al. (2006) [30] | Aqueous extract of Aloe vera leaf | 1 mM, 24 hr, room temp. 5 ml/5 ml, Static | UV-Vis XRD TEM | Size―15.2 ± 4.2 nm Shape―sph. Structure―FCC |
|
76 | Ankamwar et al. (2005) [35] | Emblica Officinalis fruit extract |
| UV-Vis TEM | Size―10 - 20 nm | Transmetallation reaction promoted the AgNPs synthesis |
77 | Shankar et al. (2004) [127] | Decanted aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica leaf | 1 mM, 24 hr 5 ml/45 ml, 15 min at 10000 rpm. Static | UV-Vis XRD TEM FTIR | Size―5 - 35 nm Shape―Sph Structure―cryst Nature―PD | AgNPs stable for 4 weeks |
78 | Shankar et al. (2003) [42] | Decanted aqueous broth of Pelargonium graveolens leaf | 1 mM, 24 hr 5 ml/100 ml, 15 min at 10000 rpm. Static | UV-Vis XRD FTIR TEM EDAX | Size―16 - 20 nm. Shape―nearly sph Structure―FCC Nature―PD | Chlorophyll of leaf extract formed 5 nm capping around the AgNP. |
Fungi | ||||||
79 | Das et al. (2012) [76] | Mycelia of Rhizopus oryzae | 1 to 5 mM, 72 hr, 30˚C, 0.2 g/25 ml. pH―2 to 8, Shaken | UV-Vis FTIR HRTEM EDAX | Size―~15 nm Shape―sph. Structure―FCC | Stable for 3 months, Antimicrobial to E. coli and B. subtilis, Used for treating contaminated water and adsorption of pesticides |
80 | Naveen et al (2010) [128] | Aqueous cell filtrate of Penicillium Sp. fungi | 1 mM, 24 hr, room temp, dark 50 ml/50 ml, Agitated, Lyophilized | UV-Vis FTIR AFM | Size―52 - 104 nm |
|
81 | Balaji et al (2009) [129] | Cladosporium clado sporioides fungal aqueous filtrate | 78 h, 27˚C. 10 ml, Shaken | UV-Vis TEM XRD FTIR | Size―Avg: 35 nm Shape―Sph. Structure―FCC Nature―PD |
|
82 | Shaligram et al (2009) [130] | Penicillium brevicompatum WA 2315 fungal aqueous filtrate | 1 mM, 72 hr, 25˚C, Shaken | UV-Vis FTIR TEM XRD | Size―58.35 ± 17.8 nm Structure―FCC |
|
83 | Fayaz et al. (2009) [82] | Harvested cell aqueous filtrate of Trichoderma viride fungus | 1 mM, dark, 10˚C - 40˚C. Shaken. | UV-Vis XRD TEM FTIR | 10˚C: 2 - 4 nm, sph. 27˚C: 10 - 40 nm, sph. 40˚C: 80 - 100 nm, Plate like, Structure: Cryst, Nature: MD | Increase in temperature led to blue shift in UV-Vis peak, decreased size and increased dispersity |
84 | Kathiresan et al. (2009) [131] | Aqueous Cell filtrate of Penicillum fellutanum fungus | 0.5 - 2.5 mM, 0 - 48 hr, 0˚C - 40˚C, dark, pH: 5 - 7.5. Salinity-1% - 5% NaCl, Shaken | UV-Vis TEM | Size―5 -2 5 nm Shape―Sph. | (NH4)2SO4 solid used for precipitation and phosphate buffer (pH-8) for dissolution of nanoparticles |
85 | Ingle et al (2009) [57] | Aqueous cell filtrate of Fusarium solani fungus | 1mM, room temp. Static, 10 min, 10000 g | UV-Vis FTIR TEM | Size―5 - 35 nm Shape―Sph. |
|
86 | Basavaraja et al (2008) [132] | Aqueous filtrate of Fusarium semitetum fungus | 1 mM, 48 hr, 27˚C, Shaken | UV-Vis XRD TEM FTIR | Size―10 - 60 nm Shape―Sph. Structure―cryst Nature―PD | AgNP stable for 6 - 8 weeks |