Variable | Item | DNA fragmentation index <25% | DNA fragmentation index ≥25% | t-test | P-value | All | |||||||||||||||
Freq. | % | Fertilization rate | Freq. | % | Fertilization rate | Fertilization rate | |||||||||||||||
|
| Had IVF | Had IVF | Had IVF | |||||||||||||||||
Freq. | % | Mean | ± sd | Freq. | % | Mean | ± sd | Freq. | % | Mean | ± sd | ||||||||||
All | 39 | 41.0 | 17 | 43.6 | 77.2 | 21.8 | 56 | 59.0 | 21 | 37.5 | 78.2 | 20.7 | −0.14 | 0.44 | 38 | 40.0 | 77.8 | 20.9 | |||
Age (yrs.) | <40 | 15 | 38.5 | 8 | 47.1 | 88.6 | 12.3 | 24 | 42.9 | 12 | 57.1 | 83.2 | 13.9 | 0.91 | 0.19 | 20 | 52.6 | 85.3 | 13.2 | ||
≥40 | 24 | 61.5 | 9 | 52.9 | 67.1 | 24.0 | 32 | 57.1 | 9 | 42.9 | 71.5 | 26.9 | −0.37 | 0.36 | 18 | 47.4 | 69.3 | 24.8 | |||
t-test (P-value) | 2.14 (0.03) |
| 1.19 (0.13) | - | 2.44 (0.01) | ||||||||||||||||
BMI (kg/m2) | 18.5 - 24.9 | 15 | 38.5 | 7 | 41.2 | 75.0 | 26.8 | 14 | 25.0 | 7 | 33.3 | 85.5 | 14.2 | −0.92 | 0.19 | 14 | 36.8 | 80.2 | 21.3 | ||
25.0 - 29.9 | 16 | 41.0 | 7 | 41.2 | 77.8 | 22.9 | 23 | 41.1 | 8 | 38.1 | 74.5 | 17.7 | 0.30 | 0.38 | 15 | 39.5 | 76.0 | 19.6 | |||
≥30 | 8 | 20.5 | 3 | 17.6 | 81.2 | 6.3 | 19 | 33.9 | 6 | 28.6 | 74.5 | 30.4 | 0.52 | 0.31 | 9 | 23.7 | 76.8 | 24.5 | |||
F-test (P-value) | 0.08 (0.92) | - | 0.63 (0.55) | - | 0.15 (0.86) | ||||||||||||||||
Frequency of ejaculation (/month) | 1 - 5 | 5 | 12.8 | 1 | 5.9 | 33.3 | 0.0 | 14 | 25.0 | 7 | 33.3 | 80.0 | 20.6 | - | - | 8 | 21.1 | 74.2 | 25.2 | ||
6 - 10 | 16 | 41.0 | 5 | 29.4 | 73.1 | 22.5 | 13 | 232 | 6 | 28.6 | 80.9 | 19.3 | −0.61 | 0.28 | 11 | 28.9 | 77.3 | 20.1 | |||
11 - 15 | 12 | 30..8 | 9 | 52.9 | 79.4 | 17.7 | 22 | 39.3 | 7 | 33.3 | 81.6 | 14.2 | −0.28 | 0.39 | 16 | 42.1 | 80.4 | 15.8 | |||
16 - 20 | 6 | 15.4 | 2 | 11.8 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 7 | 12.5 | 1 | 4.8 | 25.0 | 0.0 | - | - | 3 | 7.9 | 75.0 | 43.3 | |||
F-test (P-value) | 2.97 (0.07) |
| 3.00 (0.05) | - | 0.17 (0.92) | ||||||||||||||||
Social habits | Smoking | Never | 34 | 87.2 | 14 | 88.2 | 77.3 | 22.1 | 47 | 84.0 | 21 | 100.0 | 78.2 | 20.7 | −0.10 | 0.46 | 35 | 92.1 | 77.8 | 21.0 | |
Ever | 5 | 12.8 | 3 | 11.8 | 77.1 | 25.3 | 9 | 16.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | - | - | 3 | 7.9 | 77.1 | 25.2 | |||
t-test (P-value) | 0.01 (0.50) | - | - | - | 0.05 (0.48) | ||||||||||||||||
Alcohol intake | Never | 14 | 35.9 | 5 | 29.4 | 75.6 | 25.0 | 22 | 39.3 | 11 | 52.4 | 83.0 | 22.6 | −0.57 | 0.29 | 16 | 42.1 | 80.7 | 22.8 | ||
Ever | 25 | 64.1 | 12 | 70.6 | 78.0 | 21.5 | 34 | 60.7 | 10 | 47.6 | 72.9 | 18.2 | 0.60 | 0.28 | 22 | 57.9 | 75.7 | 19.8 | |||
t-test (P-value) | -0.19 (0.43) | - | 1.3 (0.14) |
| 0.70 (0.24) | ||||||||||||||||
#Smoking and alcohol | Never | 16 | 69.6 | 4 | 66.7 | 82.0 | 23.7 | 25 | 64.1 | 11 | 100.0 | 83.0 | 22.6 | −0.07 | 0.47 | 15 | 88.2 | 82.7 | 22.0 | ||
Ever | 7 | 30.4 | 2 | 33.3 | 90.6 | 13.3 | 14 | 35.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 2 | 11.8 | 90.6 | 13.3 | |||
t-test (P-value) | −0.57 (0.30) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | −0.72 (0.28) | ||||||||||||
Herbal medication use | Never | 28 | 71.8 | 12 | 70.6 | 79.3 | 18.7 | 37 | 66.1 | 14 | 66.7 | 82.5 | 16.5 | −0.46 | 0.33 | 26 | 68.4 | 81.1 | 17.3 | ||
Ever | 11 | 28.2 | 5 | 29.4 | 72.2 | 29.9 | 19 | 33.9 | 7 | 33.3 | 69.4 | 26.6 | 0.17 | 0.44 | 12 | 31.6 | 70.6 | 26.7 | |||
t-test (P-value) | 0.49 (0.32) | - | 1.19 (0.13) | - | 1.25 (0.16) |