age

12 - 18

18 - 25

25 - 40

40 - 50

50 - 70

70 - 85

85+

stage

adolescence

early young adulthood

late young adulthood

early middle adulthood

late middle adulthood

early late adulthood

late late adulthood

start at

puberty

higher learning - childbirth

full independence

full maturity - perimenopause

menopause

cutback-retirement

declining endurance

Confucius’ milestone

15

set on higher learning

30

stand firm

40

no more doubt

50

mandate of heaven

60

deeper level understanding

70

integration

major activity

to search identity

independence

family and career

family, career, and supporting old parents

active leadership-mentorship

advisory leadership-mentorship

wise leadership-mentorship

sociality

collectivistic

interdependent

transition to individualistic

collectivistic

interdependent

individualistic

collectivistic

interdependent

individualistic

collectivistic

interdependent

individualistic

collectivistic

interdependent

individualistic

collectivistic

interdependent

individualistic

collectivistic

interdependent

individualistic

generativity

active

advisory

wise

worldview

territorial transition to competitive-cooperative

territorial

competitive

cooperative

territorial

competitive

cooperative

territorial

competitive

cooperative

territorial

competitive

cooperative

territorial

competitive

cooperative

territorial

competitive

cooperative

rationality

unregulated

unregulated

regulated

regulated

regulated

regulated

regulated

Erikson’s

stage

12 - 18

adolescence

18 - 40

young adulthood

40 - 65

middle adulthood

65+

late adulthood

Erikson’s virtue

fidelity

love

generativity

wisdom

cognitive development

11-25

formal operational

25+

postformal operational