Null hypothesis

P-value

Decision

Direction causality

ENGINE does not Granger Cause CAPTURED

55%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

No effect

CAPTURED does not Granger Cause ENGINE

27.97%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

NUMBER OF FISHERMEN does not Granger Cause CAPTURED

13.74%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

No effect

CAPTURED does not Granger Cause NUMBER OF FISHERMEN

40.16%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

PER CAPITA does not Granger Cause CAPTURED

69.19%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

No effect

CAPTURED does not Granger Cause PER CAPITA

16.98%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

PRICE does not Granger Cause CAPTURED

53.42%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

Unidirectional

CAPTURED does not Granger Cause PRICE/TON

0.54%

We reject the null hypothesis

VESSEL does not Granger Cause CAPTURED

72.57%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

Unidirectional

VESSEL does not Granger Cause CAPTURED

3.39%

We reject the null hypothesis

NUMBER OF FISHERMEN does not Granger Cause ENGINE

1.99%

We reject the null hypothesis

Bidirectional

ENGINE does not Granger Cause NUMBER OF FISHERMEN

1.66%

We reject the null hypothesis

PER CAPITA does not Granger Cause ENGINE

83.76%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

No effect

ENGINE does not Granger Cause PER CAPITA

74.88%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

PRICE does not Granger Cause ENGINE

3.22%

We reject the null hypothesis

Bidirectional

ENGINE does not Granger Cause PRICE

2.23%

We reject the null hypothesis

VESSELS does not Granger Cause ENGINE

45.56%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

Unidirectional

ENGINE does not Granger Cause VESSELS

0.58%

We reject the null hypothesis

PER CAPITA does not Granger Cause NUMBER OF FISHERMEN

73.18%

Do not reject the null hypothesis

No effect

NUMBER OF FISHERMEN does not Granger Cause PER CAPITA

21.67%

Do not reject the null hypothesis