Raissi G. et al., (2021) [50] | Patients with a diagnosis of plantar fasciitis (n = 44) | Intervention: dextrose 20% injection (n = 22) Control: methylprednisolone and normal saline (n = 22) | Single injection, Under ultrasound guidance | 1. Pain (NRS scale) 2. Function (FAAM score) 3. Sonographic features (Fascia thickness, echogenicity) | 2, 12 weeks | Significant improvement in pain, FAAM score, and fascia thickness in both groups; the difference was significant in prolotherapy groups at 2 weeks |
Nakase J. et al., (2020) [55] | Patients of Osgood-Schlatter with recalcitrant knee pain (n = 38) 49 knees involved | Intervention: dextrose 20% injection (25 knees) Control: normal saline injection (24 knees) | Monthly for 3 months, using ultra- sonographic guidance in long-axis image | 1. Function (VISA) | 1, 2, 3 months | Significant improvement in VISA score; similar results in both groups |
Wu Z. et al., (2022) [54] | Patients with Osgood-Schlatter disease OSD (n = 70) | Intervention: dextrose 12.5% injection Control: normal saline injection | 3 Injections, Ultrasound guidance | 1. Function (VISA-P) | 3, 6, 12 months | The dextrose group outperformed the control group significantly in VISA-P improvement |
Topol G.A. et al., (2011) [56] | Patients with Osgood-Schlatter disease having pain for at least 3 months (n = 54) 65 knees | Prolotherapy group: dextrose 12.5% injection (n = 17) Lidocaine group: lidocaine 1% injection (n = 18) No injection group: usual care (n = 19) | Monthly injections for 3 months, Starting from the most distal part of the pain approaching proximal parts | 1. Sport inhibition and sport-related symptoms (NPPS; unaltered sport and asymptomatic sport) | 3, 6, 12 months | After 12 months, asymptomatic sport was more common in the dextrose group than two others |