| Total | Bangladesh | Bhutan | India | Pakistan | P value | Dunn’s Pair wise comparison | ||||||||||
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | 1 - 2 | 1 - 3 | 1 - 4 | 2 - 3 | 2 - 4 | 3 - 4 | |||||||
Will climate change make health conditions in your country? n = 201 | |||||||||||||||||
More frequent or severe | 174 (86.6) | 50 (83.3) | 14 (70.0) | 51 (91.1) | 59 (90.8) | 0.06 |
| ||||||||||
Less frequent or severe | 21 (10.4) | 10 (16.7) | 3 (15.0) | 2 (3.6) | 6 (9.2) | ||||||||||||
Will remain the same | 3 (1.5) | - | 3 (15.0) | - | - | ||||||||||||
Do not know | 3 (1.5) | - | - | 3 (5.4) | - | ||||||||||||
How much do you think has climate change affected the following in your country | |||||||||||||||||
Physical or mental harm from forest fires or bush fires (n = 198) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 40 (20.2) | 10 (16.7) | 6 (30.0) | 9 (16.7) | 15 (23.4) | 0.07 |
| ||||||||||
Moderately | 89 (44.9) | 22 (36.7) | 11 (55.0) | 24 (44.4) | 32 (50.0) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 53 (26.8) | 23 (38.3) | 1 (5.0) | 17 (31.5) | 12 (18.8) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 14 (7.1) | 4 (6.7) | 2 (10.0) | 3 (5.6) | 5 (7.8) | ||||||||||||
Don’t know | 2 (1.0) | 1 (1.7) | - | 1 (1.9) | - | ||||||||||||
Heat related effects (heat stroke, heat exhaustion, cardio-respiratory illnesses) (n = 200) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 22 (11.0) | 6 (10.0) | 9 (45.0) | 4 (7.1) | 3 (4.7) | 0.02 | 0.00** | 0.60 | 0.63 | 0.00** | 0.00** | 0.94 | |||||
Moderately | 82 (41.0) | 20 (33.3) | 8 (40.0) | 24 (42.9) | 30 (46.9) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 92 (46.0) | 33 (55.0) | 1 (5.0) | 28 (50) | 30 (46.9) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 3 (1.5) | - | 2 (10.0) | - | 1 (1.6) | ||||||||||||
Don’t know | 1 (0.5) | 1 (1.7) | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Vector-borne infectious diseases (Malaria, dengue, etc.) (n = 199) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 17 (8.5) | 4 (6.7) | 3 (15.0) | 8 (14.3) | 2 (3.2) | 0.83 |
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Moderately | 88 (44.2) | 27 (45.0) | 13 (65.0) | 17 (30.4) | 31 (49.2) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 93 (46.7) | 29 (48.3) | 4 (20.0) | 31 (55.4) | 29 (46.0) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 1 (0.5) | - | - | - | 1 (1.6) | ||||||||||||
Don’t know | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Water and food-borne diseases (Salmonella, Giardiasis, etc.) (n = 199) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 16 (8.0) | 2 (3.3) | 5 (25.0) | 6 (10.9) | 3 (4.7) | 0.00** | 0.00** | 0.33 | 0.80 | 0.00** | 0.00** | 0.45 | |||||
Moderately | 81 (40.7) | 23 (38.3) | 11 (55.0) | 21 (38.2) | 26 (40.6) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 99 (49.8) | 35 (58.3) | 4 (20.0) | 27 (49.1) | 33 (51.6) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 3 (1.5) | - | - | 1 (1.8) | 2 (3.1) | ||||||||||||
Anxiety, depression, or other mental health conditions (n = 197) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 40 (20.3) | 10 (16.7) | 10 (50.0) | 13 (24.1) | 7 (11.1) | 0.00** | 0.00** | 0.82 | 0.98 | 0.00** | 0.00** | 0.80 | |||||
Moderately | 74 (37.6) | 22 (36.7) | 8 (40.0) | 15 (27.8) | 29 (46.0) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 79 (40.1) | 27 (45.0) | 2 (10.0) | 24 (44.4) | 26 (41.3) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 2 (1.0) | - | - | 1 (1.9) | 1 (1.6) | ||||||||||||
Don’t know | 2 (1.0) | (1.7) | - | 1 (1.9) | - | ||||||||||||
Physical or mental harm from droughts (n = 199) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 35 (17.7) | 8 (13.3) | 10 (50.0) | 8 (14.5) | 9 (14.1) | 0.04* | 0.03* | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.00** | 0.15 | 0.08 | |||||
Moderately | 63 (31.6) | 19 (31.7) | 4 (20.0) | 13 (23.6) | 27 (42.2) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 87 (43.7) | 31 (51.7) | 2 (10.0) | 28 (50.9) | 26 (40.6) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 9 (4.5) | 1 (1.7) | 4 (20.0) | 3 (5.5) | 1 (1.6) | ||||||||||||
Don’t know | 5 (2.5) | 1 (1.7) | - | 3 (5.5) | 1 (1.6) | ||||||||||||
Illness due to reduced outdoor air quality (n = 197) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 16 (8.1) | 2 (3.3) | 9 (45.0) | 3 (5.6) | 2 (3.2) | 0.00** | 0.00** | 0.86 | 0.48 | 0.00** | 0.00 | 0.61 | |||||
Moderately | 68 (34.5) | 19 (31.7) | 6 (30.0) | 17 (31.5) | 26 (41.3) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 107 (54.3) | 39 (65.0) | 2 (10.0) | 33 (61.1) | 33 (52.4) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 4 (2.0) | - | 3 (15.0) | - | 1 (1.6) | ||||||||||||
Don’t know | 2 (1.0) | - | - | 1 (1.9) | 1 (1.6) | ||||||||||||
Loss of housing for residents displaced by extreme weather events (n = 201) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 37 (18.4) | 5 (8.3) | 6 (30.0) | 12 (21.4) | 14 (22.2) | 0.04* | 0.14 | 0.65 | 0.01* | 0.26 | 0.76 | 0.04* | |||||
Moderately | 74 (36.8) | 23 (38.3) | 8 (40.0) | 14 (25.0) | 29 (46.0) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 75 (37.3) | 30 (50.0) | 1 (5.0) | 25 (44.6) | 19 (30.2) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 9 (4.5) | 1 (1.7) | 5 (25.0) | 2 (3.6) | 1 (1.6) | ||||||||||||
Don’t know | 6 (3.0) | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (5.4) | 0 (0.0) | ||||||||||||
Disruptions to health care services for people with chronic conditions during extreme weather events (n = 200) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 36 (18.0) | 5 (8.3) | 11 (55.0) | 12 (21.4) | 8 (12.5) | 0.00** | 0.00** | 0.32 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.01* | 0.46 | |||||
Moderately | 79 (39.5) | 23 (38.3) | 5 (25.0) | 17 (30.4) | 34 (53.1) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 75 (37.5) | 30 (50.0) | 2 (10.0) | 23 (41.1) | 20 (31.3) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 6 (3.0) | - | 2 (10.0) | 2 (3.6) | 2 (3.1) | ||||||||||||
Don’t know | 4 (2.0) | 2 (3.3) | - | 2 (3.6) | - | ||||||||||||
Hunger and malnutrition due to rising food prices (n = 200) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 36 (18.0) | 5 (8.3) | 12 (60.0) | 10 (18.2) | 9 (13.8) | 0.00** | 0.00** | 0.61 | 0.54 | 0.00** | 0.00** | 0.93 | |||||
Moderately | 70 (35.0) | 23 (38.3) | 4 (20.0) | 18 (32.7) | 25 (38.5) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 85 (42.5) | 32 (53.3) | 1 (5.0) | 23 (41.8) | 29 (44.6) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 6 (3.0) | - | 3 (15.0) | 2 (3.6) | 1 (1.5) | ||||||||||||
Don’t know | 3 (1.5) | - | - | 2 (3.6) | 1 (1.5) | ||||||||||||
Increased poverty due to economic hardships, resulting in health problems (n = 200) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 30 (15.0) | 5 (8.3) | 9 (45.0) | 10 (18.2) | 6 (9.2) | 0.09 |
| ||||||||||
Moderately | 73 (36.5) | 25 (41.7) | 6 (30.0) | 18 (32.7) | 24 (36.9) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 86 (43.0) | 29 (48.3) | 1 (5.0) | 24 (43.6) | 32 (49.2) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 8 (4.0) | 1 (1.7) | 4 (20.0) | 1 (1.8) | 2 (3.1) | ||||||||||||
Don’t know | 3 (1.5) | - | - | 2 (3.6) | 1 (1.5) | ||||||||||||
Violence, conflicts and/or resulting in dislocations (n = 200) | |||||||||||||||||
A little | 39 (19.5) | 9 (15.0) | 8 (40.0) | 12 (21.4) | 10 (15.6) | 0.62 |
| ||||||||||
Moderately | 73 (36.5) | 23 (38.3) | 4 (20.0) | 16 (28.6) | 30 (46.9) | ||||||||||||
Great deal | 67 (33.5) | 24 (40.0) | 1 (5.0) | 19 (33.9) | 23 (35.9) | ||||||||||||
Not at all | 15 (7.5) | 2 (3.3) | 7 (35.0) | 5 (8.9) | 1 (1.6) | ||||||||||||
Don’t know | 6 (3.0) | 2 (3.3) | - | 4 (7.1) | - | ||||||||||||