Cardiovascular | Gastrointestinal |
1) Stroke 2) Coronary heart disease 3) Hypertension | 1) Gallbladder disease 2) Gastro-esophageal reflux disease 3) Hepatic, biliary and pancreatic disease 4) Cancers of the bowel, esophagus (adenocarcinoma), gall bladder and pancreas. |
Endocrine | |
Type 2 diabetes | |
Genitourinary | Reproductive health |
1) Chronic kidney disease 2) End-stage renal disease 3) Kidney cancer 4) Glomerulopathy 5) Kidney stones 6) Stress urinary incontinence (women) | 1) Menstrual disorders 2) Miscarriage and poor pregnancy outcome 3) Infertility/subfertility 4) Breast cancer (postmenopausal women) 5) Endometrial cancer 6) Ovarian cancer |
Pulmonary | Musculoskeletal |
1) Obstructive sleep apnoea 2) Asthma | 1) Osteoarthritis 2) Spinal disc disorders Lower back pain Disorders of soft-tissue structures such as tendons, fascia and cartilage 3) Mobility disability (particularly in older adults) 4) Impaired immune function |
Mental health | |
1) Depression 2) Anxiety disorder 3) Reduced health-related quality of life 4) Disordered eating |