Symptoms

Total (ns = 62)

Headache

47 (76%)

Moderate-to-severe pneumonia

42 (67%)

Peri-orbital or retro-orbital pain

38 (61%)

Visual loss

28 (45%)

Facial numbness

26 (42%)

Rhinorrhea

18 (29%)

Fever

15 (24%)

Altered mental status

13 (21%)

Diplopia

12 (19%)

Epistaxis

11 (18%)

Facial skin problems

12 (19%)

Erythema

9 (15%)

Ulceration

1 (2%)

Neurologic loss of consciousness

12 (19%)

Palsies of cranial nerves

33 (53%)

Endoscopy findings

Necrosis

44 (70%)

Discharge

38 (61%)

Crusting

34 (54%)

Edema

11 (17%)

Paleness

11 (17%)

Polyps

7 (11%)

Imaging findings

Mucosal thickening

43 (69%)

Opacification of sinus

43 (69%)

Bony destruction of sinus

22 (35%)

Orbit

16 (25%)

Orbital involvement

13 (20%)

Central nervous system lesions

1 (1.7%)

Ocular symptoms (right eye = 17, left = 30, both = 3)

51 (82%)

Vision loss

35 (56%)

Ptosis

31 (50%)

Proptosis

27 (44%)

Ophthalmoplegia

25 (40%)

Chemosis

20 (32%)

Pre-orbital swelling

19 (31%)

Pre-orbital inflammation

18 (29%)