Pavement Surface

Characteristics

Vehicle Operating

Parameters

Tire Properties

Environment

• Microtexture

• Macrotexture

• Megatexture

• Unevenness

• Material properties

• Temperature

• Slip speed

-Vehicle speed

-Braking action

• Driving maneuver

-Turning

-Overtaking

• Foot Print

• Tread design and

condition

• Rubber composition

and hardness

• Inflation pressure

• Load

• Temperature

• Climate

-Wind

-Temperature

-Water (rainfall, condensation)

-Snow and Ice

• Contaminants

-Anti-skid material (salt, sand)

-Dirt, mud, debris