Background variable | Artificial intelligence literacy | Artificial intelligence consciousness | Intelligent technology application | Practical and innovative thinking | Intelligent social responsibility | |
Self-efficacy level | Low ① | 56.95 | 17.86 | 22.67 | 16.59 | 14.58 |
Middle ② | 68.61 | 21.06 | 25.67 | 19.46 | 16.17 | |
High ③ | 81.33 | 27.60 | 31.06 | 27.35 | 21.13 | |
F | 2643.18*** | 1649.47*** | 244.25*** | 4462.97*** | 1211.17*** | |
Post-event comparison | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① | |
Critical thinking level | Low ① | 53.06 | 17.86 | 22.67 | 16.59 | 14.58 |
Middle ② | 60.77 | 21.06 | 25.67 | 19.46 | 16.17 | |
High ③ | 80.15 | 27.60 | 31.06 | 27.35 | 21.13 | |
F | 2736.41*** | 1645.60*** | 304.54*** | 4117.48*** | 1345.22*** | |
Post-event comparison | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① | |
Learning value and goal level | Low ① | 52.83 | 17.77 | 22.32 | 16.77 | 14.44 |
Middle ② | 62.48 | 21.06 | 28.98 | 20.50 | 16.14 | |
High ③ | 80.97 | 27.95 | 30.88 | 27.62 | 21.42 | |
F | 3725.75*** | 2572.94*** | 175.88*** | 4843.44*** | 2148.06*** | |
Post-event comparison | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① | ③ > ② > ① |