Comparative Research on Cooperative Mechanisms for Cross-regional Emergency Management between China and America

Items

America

Characteristics

China

Characteristics

Institutional

arrangement

Emergency

Management

Assistance Compact

Institutionalization and sequencing

No corresponding institutional norms

Lack of legal framework of cooperation

Management organization

National Emergency Management

Association

Unified management

Joint Congress System

Lack of authority

Operating process

PARDR model

Specific, clear and flexible cooperation process

Scattering-cooperation mode, leading-participation mode and assistance-cooperation mode

No permanent uniform command

organization

Information communication

Sharing of information on disaster situation

Efficiency; uniformity

Emergency information

notification system

Incapability of sharing disaster information, emergency information lag and low

information transmission efficiency

Resource

allocation

Resource deployment via the agreement

Standardization;

operability

Lack of scientific management method

Highly fragmented and segmentary;

resources scattered

Rescue team

Multi-party

cooperation

Universal emergency response

Insufficient reserve of talents

Incapability of uniform mobilization