Rock

Modulus of elasticity E/GPa

Poisson’s ratio

Severe/ (KN·m−3)

Cohesion

c/MPa

Angle of internal friction φ/(˚)

Sandstone

12.6

0.24

20.2

4.45

46.52

Mudstone

9.25

0.18

21.0

1.51

38.48