Type of frontal fracture | Headcount (n = 102) | Frequency (%) |
Type I: Fractures of the anterior Wall | 35 | 34.31 |
Ia: Without dislocation, no damage of the nasofrontal duct | 14 | 12.72 |
Ib: High fracture of dislocation, not of the nasofrontal duct | 9 | 8.82 |
Ic: Fracture with bone loss, not of the nasofrontal duct | 1 | 0.98 |
Id: Low fracture with involvement of the nasofrontal duct | 8 | 7.84 |
Ie: Fracture of all anterior wall with involvement of the nasofrontal duct | 3 | 2.94 |
Type II: Posterior Wall fractures | 6 | 5.88 |
IIa: No dislocation, no cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage | 1 | 0.98 |
IIb: Dislocation and/or bone loss, no CSF leak | 1 | 0.98 |
IIc: Dislocation and CSF leak | 4 | 3.92 |
Type III: Fractures of both the anterior and the posterior walls | 53 | 51.96 |
IIIa: Type I + Type IIa or IIb | 30 | 29.41 |
IIIb: Type I + Type IIc or IId | 23 | 22.54 |
Type IV: Comminuted fractures of all complex nasofronto-ehtmoido-orbital | 8 | 8.82 |